Abstract: Isolation and identification of dye decolorizing bacterial isolate from textile dye effluent was carried out. The isolates of Bacillus spp. ETL-79 were isolated from the textile effluent samples collected from textile industries of Ankleshwar, Gujarat, India. Different parameters were used for optimizing. Conditions for maximum decolorization depend on the bacterial isolate. The results showed that the temperature (40°C), pH (8.00), Biological Oxygen Demand (220 mgl^–1), Chemical Oxygen Demand (700 mgl^–1), Total Suspended Solids (2800 mgl^–1), Total Dissolved Solids (7500 mgl^–1) and color over the prescribed fresh water limits. A potential bacterial strain was isolated and selected from the textile effluent on the basis of rapid azo dye Crystal violet (100mgl^–1) decolorization and later identified as belonging to genus Bacillus based on Phenotypic characterization Effects of physicochemical parameters (pH, Temperature, etc.) on the Crystal violet decolorization by the Bacillus spp ETL-79 were studied. Decolorization was effective at pH 8, 35°C with starch and peptone as carbon and nitrogen sources and in static conditions. This decolorization potential increased the applicability of this microorganism for the dye removal.

Abstract: The present study deals with the isolation, identification and screening of bacterial species capable to decolorize variety of dyes. Decolorization of dyes and growth of the bacterial species are investigated. The strain ETL-1942 decolorized all the selected dyes except Remazol Brilliant Blue R, Reactive Blue H5G, Remazol Turquoise Blue G and Fast Green. In our study, we identified three groups of dyes on the basis of the pattern of dye decolorization by strain ETL-1942. The results indicate that decolorization rate is faster for the dyes of the third group than the second group. The strain can grow with all the six dyes tested, but decolorization rates are different for each dye. These results demonstrate that the strain ETL-1942 have ability to decolorize wide range of dyes and therefore further investigation for physico-chemical parameter were carried out.

Abstract: Advances in Matrix-assisted Laser Desorption Ionization–time of Flight Mass Spectrometry (MALDI-ToF MS) identification methods have greatly facilitated the rapid identification of yeasts. We validate the use of a shorter on-plate extraction method as well as a lower score cutoff value on the Bruker Biotyper. Overall, when the on-plate extraction method was used together with a score cutoff of > 1.7, a total of 151 of 187 (81%) Candida isolates were correctly identified. At species level, almost 100% of C. krusei and C. albicans isolates were correctly identified. We find the revised protocol to be effective for routine identification of yeasts.

Abstract: Economical and bio-friendly approaches are needed to remediate dye-contaminated wastewater from various industries. In this study, a novel bacterial strain capable of decolorizing triarylmethane dyes was isolated from a textile wastewater treatment plant in Ankleshwar, Gujarat, India. The bacterial isolate was identified as Pseudomonas aeruginosa ETL-1 and was shown to decolorize three triarylmethane dyes tested within 24 h with color removal in the range of 72% to 96%. Decolorization efficiency of the bacterium was a function of operational parameters (aeration, dye concentration, temperature, and pH) and the optimal operational conditions obtained for decolorization of the dyes were: pH 7-8, 35°C and culture agitation. Effective color removal within 24 h was obtained at a maximum dye concentration of 50 mg/l. Dye decolorization was monitored using a scanning uv/visible spectrophotometer which indicated that decolorization was due to the degradation of dyes into non-colored intermediates. Phytotoxicity studies carried out using Triticum aestivum, and Lens esculenta revealed the triarylmethane dyes exerted toxic effects on plant growth parameters monitored. However, significant reduction in toxicity was obtained with the decolorized dye metabolites thus, indicating the detoxification of the dyes following degradation by Pseudomonas aeruginosa ETL-1.

Abstract: An endophytic fungus identified as Penicillium sp. CPF2 (NFCCI 2862) was used to evaluate the activity of its cellulolytic enzymes to degrade pretreated sugarcane bagasse and characterize the cellulase enzymes. Different substrates were evaluated for optimum cellulase production by CPF2. The best activities for FPase (1.2 IU/ml), endocellulase (19 IU/ml), xylanase (40 IU/ml) and β-glucosidase (2.8 IU/ml) with a protein content of 0.86 mg/ml were observed when cellulose (1.5 % w/v) was used in combination with peptone (0.2 % w/v) in the growth medium. Optimum temperature and pH for the extracellular cellulase production were 28°C and 5.5, respectively. Furthermore the hydrolysis performance of Penicillium cellulase was compared with Trichoderma reesei cellulase (celluclast). Concentrated filtrate (~20 fold) from the fermented broth of CPF2 was able to bring about > 90 % and >63 % hydrolysis of cellulose and steam exploded bagasse (SEB) respectively at 5 % (w/v) substrate concentration in 24 h which was significantly higher than hydrolysis yield obtained with the commercial enzyme Celluclast.