Mycobiota Associated with Wheat Grains, Wheat Flour and Cellulolytic Ability at Taif City, Saudia Arabia

A.S. Bahobail^1,

¹Biology Department, Faculty of Science, Taif University, Saudi Arabia

Cite this paper:
A.S. Bahobail. Mycobiota Associated with Wheat Grains, Wheat Flour and Cellulolytic Ability at Taif City, Saudia Arabia. Journal of Food and Nutrition Research. 2016; 4(9):571-581. doi: 10.12691/jfnr-4-9-3

Abstract

Forty species belonging to 20 genera were collected from wheat grains on plates of glucose- (16 genera and 26 species), cellulose- (16 and 25), Czapek's agar, yeast starch- (12 and 19) agar and sabouraud's- (20 and 38) dextrose agar media at 28°C. The most common species were: Acremonium strictum, Alternaria alternata, Aspergillus flavus, A. niger., Cochliobolus lunatus, Chrysosporium lucknowense and Nectria haematococca. Forty species belonging to 20 genera were collected from wheat flour on plates of glucose- (16 genera and 32 species), cellulose (16 and 32) - Czapek's agar, yeast starch (15 and 23) agar and sabouraud's (9 and 23) dextrose agar at 28°C. The most common species were: Acremonium strictum, Alternaria altrnata, Aspergillus flavus, A. fumigatus, A. niger, Cladosporium cladosporioides, Pencillium chrysogenum, P. duclauxii, Chrysosporium lucknowense and Scopulariopsis brevicaulis. Forty-eight fungal isolates representing 46 species and 1 variety belonging to 24 genera were screened for their abilities to produce both exo- and endo- β-1,4- glucanase (C₁ and C_x, respectively). All isolates could hydrolyze both insoluble and soluble cellulose but with variables degrees. The results show that optimum conditions for maximum production of exo- and endo-β-1,4 glucanase by Aspergillus niger and A. flavus, respectively were 8 days after incubation at 30°C with incorporation of cellulose, glucose and sodium nitrate as a sole carbon and nitrogen sources in basal medium which is initially adjusted to PH 8.

Keywords:
mycobiota wheat grains wheat flour cellulolytic ability

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