Abstract: Wastewater treatment is essential to protecting the environment and human welfare. Water is a resource that is fundamental to human life, which makes taking action to protect the resource on the forefront of research. Treated wastewater effluent is a possible source that can pollute receiving water bodies and cause contamination. It is often discharged into larger bodies of water that are used in people’s everyday lives. A new and novel approach technology is introduced to treat the waste water. Electromagnetic waste water is old but approached in new way to reduce the pollutant level. By applying this method chemical oxygen demand 1500mg, hardness80mg/l, suspended soild 65mg/l was reduced respectively. The purpose of the research described herein is to test the feasibility of alternative wastewater by electromagnetic methods. Treatment facilities are implementing alternative technologies, though the cost and efficiency associated with these practices leave much room in the wastewater field for innovation.

Abstract: Nanosized fibrous cerium phosphates, Ce(HPO₄)₂.2.9H₂O (nCeP_f), was prepared and characterized. Poly (vinylalcohol)/fibrous cerium phosphate nanocomposite membranes of different weight percentages (2.5,5,10 and 20 wt %) were synthesized. and found to be transparent flexible thin films. They were characterized by chemical, XRD, TGA analysis, and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). TEM images of PVA/nCeP_f nanocomposites show fibrous cerium phosphate in the nanometer scale, in the range of 12-15 nm, and was dispersed in the PVA matrix. The composite materials show to have mechanical and thermal stability properties superior to that of the original polymer. The exchange capacities of composite membranes were investigated and found to be equivalent to summation of ion exchange capacities of PVA and the inorganic filler (nCeP_f) wt % loading.

Abstract: Nanosized fibrous cerium phosphate, Ce(HPO₄)₂.2.9H₂O(nCeP_f), and α- Zirconium -Titanium Phosphates, Zr_xTi_1-x(HPO₄)₂.H₂O(α-ZTP), where x = 0.9, 0.8, 0. 67, 0.34, were synthesized. Novel composite membranes [Zr_xTi_(1-x)(HPO₄)₂]_0.25 [Ce(HPO₄)₂]_0.75 .3.3H₂O were prepared. Reactions of the resulting composite membranes with 1,10-phenanthroline in ethanol, followed by the addition of 0.1M CuCl₂.2H₂O, in (1:1) ethanol: aqueous solution, lead to the formation of novel pillared materials: [(H_1.16) Zr_0.9Ti_0.1 (PO₄)₂]_0.25[(H_1.16 ) Ce (PO₄)₂]_0.75(PhenCu)_0.42.2.25H₂O, [(H_1.5)Zr_0.8Ti_0.2 (PO₄)₂]_0.25 [( H_1.5)Ce (PO₄)₂] _0.75 (Phen Cu)_0.25.1.77H₂O, [(H_0.3 ) Zr_0.67Ti (PO₄)₂] _0.25 [(H _0.3) Ce (PO₄)₂]_0.75.(Phen Cu)_0.85. 4H₂O, [(H_1.6)Zr_0.34Ti_0.66 (PO₄)₂]_0.25 [(H_1.6) Ce (PO₄)₂]_0.75.(PhenCu)_0.2. 2.22 H₂O, respectively. They were characterized by chemical, X-ray diffraction (XRD) and thermal analysis (TGA), accordingly were formulated. XRD patterns of the composite materials retain (d) spacing reflection of α-ZTP and nCeP_f, where d₀₀₁ = 7.58 Å and 11.38 Å, respectively, The resulting composites are thermally stable and can be considered as novel ecofriendly solid acid catalysts, Ionex changers and ionc conductance materials.

Abstract: Based on the analysis of the crystal and electronic structure of semiconductors ZnX (X=Te,Se,S) in cubic phase there have been built the cluster model for calculation of the geometric and thermodynamic parameters. The method of consideration of the boundary conditions for the proposed cluster models has been presented. Based on the results of ab initio quantum-chemical calculations of the crystal structure of molecular clusters the temperature dependence of formation energy ∆E, formation enthalpy ∆H, Gibbs free energy ∆G, entropy ∆S, specific heat capacity at constant volume C_V have been defined. Computer calculations of the thermodynamic parameters were carried out with the help of density functional theory (DFT), using hybrid valence base set B3LYP. Also, in the work have been derived analytical expressions of temperature dependences of the presented thermodynamic parameters, which have been approximated by a quantum-chemical calculation data using mathematical package Maple 14.

Abstract: Gamma-ray attenuation coefficients (the half value layer parameters, gamma – ray shielding properties) for the x ZnO - (5−x) Bi₂O₃ -10 B₂O₃ -40 SiO₂ (x = 0, 5, 10, 15 and 20) at 662, 1173 and 1332 keV photon energies have been determined experimentally, using a narrow beam transmission method, as well as theoretically using the ‘mixture rule’ and the ‘XCOM’ computer software. The molar volume and FTIR investigations have been used to study the structural properties of the glass system. Optical, UV-visible, absorption measurements were performed also to investigate the transmittance aimed to investigate the performance of the glass system for using as hot cells for shielding windows in nuclear technology.