Abstract: In this research work, high diffraction efficiency and transmission phase holographic lens is recorded by using red sensitive commercially available fine grain PFG-01 silver halide holographic emulsion. In the preliminary stage, the exposure sensitivity is optimized and the plates were chemically developed in recommended developer of CWC2 by the supplier. In the next stage, we have modified the developer and the holographic lens was recorded for the same optimized energy level for comparison. The phase holographic lens was a result by using modified fixation-free rehalogenating bleach R10 for modified and unmodified CWC2 developer. The obtained diffraction efficiency for the holographic lens in usual processing technique is compared with our new modified CWC2 developer. As a result, the enhancement of diffraction efficiency of nearly 20% was achieved by using the new combination of modified developer and modified bleach as compare to the usual combination of developer – bleach processing technique. The experimentally obtained results are compared and explained in detail.

Abstract: This document gives formatting instructions for authors preparing papers for publication in the journal. Authors are encouraged to prepare manuscripts directly using this template. This template demonstrates format requirements for the JournalIn order to investigate band gap tunability in polar oxides, the photonic band gap of antiferromagnetic-dielectric binary photonic crystal can be significantly enlarged by the substitution of the lattice atoms with other suitable atoms which forms a solid solution with the parent lattice. In this paper we measured the optical properties of a series of Bi (Fe1−xMnx) O3 thin films. Two substrates with different orientation of the crystal plane were selected which were also acting as dielectric materials in multilayer photonic crystals. The absorption response of the mixed metal solid solutions is approximately a linear combination of the characteristics of the two end members; as a result it demonstrates straightforward band gap tunability in this system. First, the band gap enlargement due to the addition of the Mn+3 atoms in BFO lattice is examined in the case of normal incidence. Next, in the oblique incidence, a wider omnidirectional band gap can be obtained beyond 30o angle of incidence. By substitution of Mn+3 in BFO lattice, enhanced band gap was observed in the different optical region due to a large band gap of the existing materials.

Abstract: This paper reports the effects of quantum well width on material gain and lasing wavelength of the InGaAsP / InP lasing nano-heterostructure which is based on simple SCH (Separate Confinement Heterostructure) design. The studies made in this paper are directed towards the well width dependent modeling of InGaAsP / InP lasing nano-heterostructure and simulation of the lasing characteristics such as material gain, differential gain, anti-guiding factor and refractive index change with carrier density. The outcomes of the work reported in this paper suggest that both the material gain and lasing wavelength can be controlled by varying width of the quantum well sandwiched between the barriers followed by claddings in the nano-structure. Since, the maximum material gain has been achieved at wavelength of 1.35 µm for minimum quantum well width (2 nm) with in TE mode; therefore, InGaAsP / InP based nano-heterostructure with 2 nm well width may be very useful in the area of nano-opto-electronics.