Abstract: A common issue in tooth replacement is the ability to reestablish normal form and architecture of the hard and soft tissues before prosthesis. This is especially challenging in the anterior zone, where the replacement of a missing tooth must not only function, but esthetically match the contours of the hard and soft tissue of the adjacent natural dentition. A case report has been presented over here for a patient with class III alveolar ridge defect in the maxillary anterior region corrected with soft tissue ridge augmentation using connective tissue graft followed by a metal ceramic fixed prosthesis for the replacement of missing upper central incisor.

Abstract: Dentistry is frequently facing revolutions in order to provide a most reliable and comfortable therapeutic options for the patients. Recently nanotechnology has emerged as a new science exploiting specific phenomena and direct manipulation of materials on nanoscale. Application of nanotechnology in dentistry holds promise for the maintenance of comprehensive dental care by employing nanomaterials including tissue engineering and ultimately nanorobots. This paper highlights the role of nanomaterials and their potential to be used in the diagnosis and management of oral diseases.

Abstract: Many morphological variables have been identified both in primary and permanent dentitions. This report describes incidental finding of some uncommon dental traits like central accessory cusp or dens evaginatus, seventh accessory cusp in primary second molars and protostylid, triangular morphology of primary first molars. These characters have been amply documented in the permanent dentition. Presence of these extra cusps may have dental problems such as caries, sensitivity, occlusal interference and hence there is a need for continuous dental surveillance.

Abstract: Purpose: Radiography, Sailography, Scintigraphy, Computerized Tomography, MRI and Ultrasonography are the available diagnostic aids to diagnose salivary gland lesions. All the diagnostic aids have their own limitations in the diagnosis of salivary gland diseases. The advantage of ultrasonography in the diagnosis of salivary gland enlargements is its ease to use, less expensive, less time consuming, non ionizing and suitable for peripheral location of the salivary gland enlargement. In the current study, the efficacy of ultrasound sonography to differentiate a wide variety of salivary gland enlargements is evaluated. Materials and methods: A total number of 20 patients with different salivary gland enlargements were taken for the study. Ultrasonography was carried out using Philips ATL: HDI 3000. Transducer (linear): 5 to 12 mHZ for all the patients. Results: Ultrasonography findings which includes echogenisity, internal echoes, acoustic enhancement, shape, borders, calcifications vascularity and ductal findings of all the subjects were recorded and tabulated. Conclusion: Ultrasonography is very useful in diagnosing lymph node and salivary gland enlargement in submandibular region. Further, ultrasonography helps in identifying the salivary calculi and accessory salivary gland tissue.

Abstract: This study investigated the antibacterial effect of Diode Laser (810nm) at different output powers in the root canals infected with Enterococcus faecalis in vitro and in vivo study. Root canal specimens were prepared from extracted, 50 single rooted teeth. After root canal preparation and sterilization, the root canals were infected with endodontic pathogens (Enterococcus faecalis). Following laser therapy, the canal contents were cultured on Enterococcus agar. The colony forming units recovered from each root canal was evaluated before and after laser treatment. This study also investigated antibacterial effect of laser in root canals associated with preiradicular lesions in vivo. In this in vivo study, 30 patients with infected root canals underwent diode laser treatment. To verify the findings, microbiological tests were performed and the results were computed. Result showed in vitro significant antibacterial difference between 1.05W, 1.5W, 1.95W and control group. In vivo there was no significant antimicrobial difference between untreated control group and 1.05W but significantly different from 1,5W and 1.95W in which there was no significant different between them.