Phenolic Composition, Antioxidant, Antimicrobial and Cytotoxic Activites of Allium porrum L. (Serbia) Extracts

Blaga Radovanović^1, , Jelena Mladenović², Aleksandra Radovanović³, Rados Pavlović² and Vesna Nikolić⁴

¹Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, University of Niš, 18000 Niš, Serbia

²Faculty of Agronomy, University of Kragujevac, 32 000 Čačak, Serbia

³Faculty of Chemistry, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia

⁴Faculty of Technology, University of Niš, 16 000 Leskovac, Serbia

Cite this paper:
Blaga Radovanović, Jelena Mladenović, Aleksandra Radovanović, Rados Pavlović and Vesna Nikolić. Phenolic Composition, Antioxidant, Antimicrobial and Cytotoxic Activites of Allium porrum L. (Serbia) Extracts. Journal of Food and Nutrition Research. 2015; 3(9):564-569. doi: 10.12691/jfnr-3-9-1

Abstract

In the present study, we investigated the phenolic composition, antioxidant, antimicrobial and cytotoxic activities of ethanolic extracts from leaves and stems of leek (Allium porrum L.), which are growing in Central Serbia (Balkan) and is used in everyday human food. The standard spectroscopic methods were applied to determine total phenols and flavonoids, where present phenolic compounds were estimated by HPLC analysis. The results indicated that the highest content of total phenols and flavonoids were found in total Allium porrum plant (93.34 and 25.14 mg/g). The major phenolic compounds were: rosmarinic acid (33.26%), quercetin (33.48%) and rutin (22.32%) in Allium porrum L. stem extracts and quercetin (33.59%) and apigenin (17.56%) in Allium porrum L. leaf extracts. The total antioxidant (128.01 µgAA/g) and DPPH radical scavenging, IC₅₀ (10.28 µg/mL) activites of total plant Allium porrum L. were in correlation with their phenolic and flavonoid contents. The ethanolic extracts of the Allium porrum L. showed a favourable antimicrobial activity against eight gram-positive and gram-negative pathogenic bacteria and fungi, especially against Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis and Aspergillus niger. The cytotoxic studies indicate the Allium porrum L.extracts inhibit Hep2c, L2OB and RD cellls in a dose dependent manner. The IC₅₀ values of Allium porrum L. extracts were 27.18 ± 0.88 and 25.89 ± 0.67 µg/mL against Hep2c and L2OB cells, correspodently and 76.95 ± 11.45 µg/mL against RD tumor cell after 48 h treatment period.These present results confirmed that Allium porrum L. possesses potentially important beneficial properties for human health.

Keywords:
Allium porrum L. phenolic compounds antioxidant antimicrobial cytotoxic activity

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