Hypolipidemic Action of hydroxycinnamic Acids from Cabbage (Brassica oleracea L. var. capitata) on Hypercholesterolaemic Rat in Relation to Its Antioxidant Activity

Chengjie Ji¹, Chenwei Li², Weihong Gong², Hai Niu^{1, 3,} and Wen Huang^1,

¹Laboratory of Ethnopharmacology, Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Institute for Nanobiomedical Technology and Membrane Biology, West China Hospital/West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, P.R. China

²Intensive care unit, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, P.R. China

³College of Mathematics, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, P.R. China

Cite this paper:
Chengjie Ji, Chenwei Li, Weihong Gong, Hai Niu and Wen Huang. Hypolipidemic Action of hydroxycinnamic Acids from Cabbage (Brassica oleracea L. var. capitata) on Hypercholesterolaemic Rat in Relation to Its Antioxidant Activity. Journal of Food and Nutrition Research. 2015; 3(5):317-324. doi: 10.12691/jfnr-3-5-5

Abstract

Cabbage extract containing chlorogenic acid has notable scavenging activity against hydroxyl radicals, superoxide anion radicals, DPPH radicals as well as potent reducing power. Oral administration of the extract (240 mg/kg BW/day) to hypercholesterolaemic rats reduced by high–fat diet for 30 days lowered their blood TC, TG, and LDL–C levels by 36.3, 43.5 and 45.8%, respectively. However, the blood HDL–C levels in the same treated rats increased by 17.1%. Treatment of hypercholesterolaemic rats with the extract significantly increased the GSH level along with enhanced SOD, CAT activities in liver tissues. Furthermore, the extract significantly decreased hepatic MDA as well as GPx and GR activities in extract–treated rats. It can therefore be concluded that the extract has a high hypolipidaemic activity and this may be attributed to its antioxidative potential.

Keywords:
cabbage hydroxycinnamic acids Hypercholesterolaemic Antioxidant capacity Hypolipidemic action

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

References:

[1]	Li H, Horke S, Förstermann U. Oxidative stress in vascular disease and its pharmacological prevention. Trends in pharmacological sciences 2013; 34(6): 313-319.
[2]	Trivedi S, Lal N, Mahdi AA, Mittal M, Singh B, Pandey S. Evaluation of antioxidant enzymes activity and malondialdehyde levels in patients with chronic periodontitis and diabetes mellitus. Journal of periodontology 2014; 85(5): 713-720.
[3]	Shen Y, Ward NC, Hodgson JM, Puddey IB, Wang Y, Zhang D, Croft KD. Dietary quercetin attenuates oxidant-induced endothelial dysfunction and atherosclerosis in apolipoprotein E knockout mice fed a high-fat diet: a critical role for heme oxygenase-1. Free Radical Biology and Medicine 2013; 65: 908-915.
[4]	Bowen PE and G. Borthakur. Postprandial lipid oxidation and cardiovascular disease risk. Current atherosclerosis reports 2004; 6(6): 477-484.
[5]	Simin N, Orcic D, Cetojevic-Simin D, Mimica-Dukic N, Anackov G, Beara I, Bozin B. Phenolic profile, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and cytotoxic activities of small yellow onion (Allium flavum L. subsp. flavum, Alliaceae). LWT-Food Science and Technology 2013; 54(1): 139-146.
[6]	Henning S M, Wang P, Said J, Magyar C, Castor B, Doan N, Heber D. Polyphenols in brewed green tea inhibit prostate tumor xenograft growth by localizing to the tumor and decreasing oxidative stress and angiogenesis. The Journal of nutritional biochemistry 2012, 23(11): 1537-1542.
[7]	Posmyk MM, Kontek R, Janas KM. Antioxidant enzymes activity and phenolic compounds content in red cabbage seedlings exposed to copper stress. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety 2009; 72(2): 596-602.
[8]	Jaiswal AK, Rajauria G, ABU‐GHANNAM N, Gupta, S. Effect of different solvents on polyphenolic content, antioxidant capacity and antibacterial activity of Irish York cabbage. Journal of Food Biochemistry 2012; 36(3): 344-358.
[9]	De Sotillo, D.VR, M. Hadley. Chlorogenic acid modifies plasma and liver concentrations of: cholesterol, triacylglycerol, and minerals in (fa/fa) Zucker rats. The Journal of nutritional biochemistry 2002; 13(12): 717-726.
[10]	Snoussi, C., R. Ducroc, M.H. Hamdaoui, K. Dhaouadi, H. Abaidi, F. Cluzeaud, C. Nazaret, M. Le Gall, and A. Bado. Green tea decoction improves glucose tolerance and reduces weight gain of rats fed normal and high-fat diet. The Journal of nutritional biochemistry 2014; 25(5): 557-564.
[11]	Meng S, Cao J, Feng Q, Peng J, Hu Y. Roles of chlorogenic acid on regulating glucose and lipids metabolism: a review. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2013; 2013.
[12]	Yu H, Liu X, Xing R, Liu S, Guo Z, Wang P, Li P. In vitro determination of antioxidant activity of proteins from jellyfish Rhopilema esculentum. Food Chemistry 2006; 95(1): 123-130.
[13]	Blois MS. Antioxidant determinations by the use of a stable free radical. 1958; 1199-1200.
[14]	Ahmadi, F., M. Kadivar, and M. Shahedi. Antioxidant activity of Kelussia odoratissima Mozaff. in model and food systems. Food chemistry 2007; 105(1): 57-64.
[15]	Draper H, M Hadley. Malondialdehyde determination as index of lipid Peroxidation. Methods in enzymology 1990; 186: 421-431.
[16]	Jollow DJ, Mitchell JR, Zampaglione N, Gillette JR. Bromobenzene-induced liver necrosis. Protective role of glutathione and evidence for 3,4-bromobenzene oxide as the hepatotoxic metabolite. Pharmacology 1974; 11(3): 151-169.
[17]	Kakkar P, Das B, Viswanathan P N. A modified spectrophotometric assay of superoxide dismutase. Indian J Biochem Biophys 1984; 21(2): 130-132.
[18]	Aebi H. Catalase in vitro. Methods in enzymology 1984; 105: 121.
[19]	Paglia DE, WN Valentine. Studies on the quantitative and qualitative characterization of erythrocyte glutathione peroxidase. The Journal of laboratory and clinical medicine 1967; 70(1): 158-169.
[20]	Mahfouz MM, Kummerow FA. Cholesterol-rich diets have different effects on lipid peroxidation, cholesterol oxides, and antioxidant enzymes in rats and rabbits. The Journal of nutritional biochemistry 2000; 11(5): 293-302.
[21]	Schupp N, Schmid U, Heidland A, Stopper H. Rosuvastatin protects against oxidative stress and DNA damage in vitro via upregulation of glutathione synthesis. Atherosclerosis 2008; 199(2): 278-287.
[22]	Ismail MF, Gad MZ, Hamdy MA. Study of the hypolipidemic properties of pectin, garlic and ginseng in hypercholesterolemic rabbits. Pharmacological research 1999; 39(2): 157-166.
[23]	Dean R, Fu S, Stocker R, Davies M. Biochemistry and pathology of radical-mediated protein oxidation. Biochem. J 1997; 324: 1-18.
[24]	Shaw S, Rubin KP, Lieber CS. Depressed hepatic glutathione and increased diene conjugates in alcoholic liver disease. Digestive diseases and sciences 1983; 28(7): 585-589.
[25]	Sen CK, Packer L. Antioxidant and redox regulation of gene transcription. The FASEB journal 1996; 10(7): 709-720.
[26]	Halliwell B, Gutteridge JM. Oxygen toxicity, oxygen radicals, transition metals and disease. Biochemical journal 1984; 219(1): 1.
[27]	Gueeri H. Influence on prolonged ethanol intake on the level and turnover of alcohol and aldehyde dehydrogenase and glutathione. Adv Exp Med Biol 1995; 23: 12-4.
[28]	Talas ZS, Ozdemir I, Ciftci OO, Cakir O, Gulhan MF, Pasaoglu OM. Role of propolis on biochemical parameters in kidney and heart tissues against l-NAME induced oxidative injury in rats. Clinical and Experimental Hypertension 2014; 36(7): 492-496.
[29]	Mateos R, Lecumberri E, Ramos S, Goya L, Bravo L. Determination of malondialdehyde (MDA) by high-performance liquid chromatography in serum and liver as a biomarker for oxidative stress: Application to a rat model for hypercholesterolemia and evaluation of the effect of diets rich in phenolic antioxidants from fruits. Journal of Chromatography B 2005; 827(1): 76-82.
[30]	Abolfathi A A, Mohajeri D, Rezaie A, Nazeri M. Protective effects of green tea extract against hepatic tissue injury in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2012; 2012.
[31]	Park HY, Nam MH, Lee HS, Jun W, Hendrich S, Lee KW. Isolation of caffeic acid from Perilla frutescens and its role in enhancing γ-glutamylcysteine synthetase activity and glutathione level. Food chemistry 2010; 119(2): 724-730.
[32]	Scharf G, Prustomersky S, Knasmüller S, Schulte-Hermann R, Huber WW. Enhancement of glutathione and γ-glutamylcysteine synthetase, the rate limiting enzyme of glutathione synthesis, by chemoprotective plant-derived food and beverage components in the human hepatoma cell line HepG2. Nutrition and cancer 2003; 45(1): 74-83.
[33]	Fogg, B.J, Persuasive technology: using computers to change what we think and do. Morgan Kaufmann Publishers, Boston, 2003, 30-35.
[34]	Hirsh, H., Coen, M.H., Mozer, M.C., Hasha, R. and Flanagan, J.L, “Room service, AI-style,” IEEE intelligent systems, 14 (2). 8-19. Jul.2002.
[35]	T. Eckes, The Developmental Social Psychology of Gender, Lawrence Erlbaum, 2000. [E-book] Available: netLibrary e-book.