Impact of Enzymatic Hydrolysis Using Two Proteases on Functional, Structural, and Antioxidant Properties of Protein Hydrolysates Derived from Fresh and Microwave-dried Substrates of Bighead Carp (Hypophthalmichthys Nobilis)

Kamal Alahmad^{1, 2}, Wenshui Xia^1, , Qixing Jiang¹ and Yanshun Xu¹

¹State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China

²Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Alfurat, Deir Ezzor, Syria

Cite this paper:
Kamal Alahmad, Wenshui Xia, Qixing Jiang and Yanshun Xu. Impact of Enzymatic Hydrolysis Using Two Proteases on Functional, Structural, and Antioxidant Properties of Protein Hydrolysates Derived from Fresh and Microwave-dried Substrates of Bighead Carp (Hypophthalmichthys Nobilis). Journal of Food and Nutrition Research. 2023; 11(3):251-263. doi: 10.12691/jfnr-11-3-10

Abstract

In our study, fish protein hydrolystes (FPH) were produced from bighead carp using ficin and flavourzyme enzymes with fresh and dried substrates. Under optimum conditions for two proteases, the hydrolysates obtained from fresh substrate showed a significant variation in different characteristics compared with hydrolysates obtained using microwave-dried substrate. The best E/S ratio was 3% with DH 16.85% and 4% with DH 22.51% (fresh substrate) for ficin and flavourzyme respectively, whereas, the best ratio of (dried substrate) was 4% with DH 13.92% and 4% with 17.31% for ficin and flavourzyme enzymes respectively. The yield of FPH was recorded 16.11% and 17.39% (fresh substrate) using ficin and flavourzyme respectively. Moreover, more peptides with low molecular weight were formed during hydrolysis which could enhance the functional properties of FPH in particular solubility property which ranged from 84% to 95%. However, FTIR demonstrated that enzymatic hydrolysis with type of substrate had an influence on the secondary structure of the protein by observing a slight change in wavelength of amide band. Furthermore, DDPH radical scavenging and hydroxyl radical scavenging were determined and showed high activity values of the hydrolysates products. The present study revealed that the physicochemical, structural and antioxidants properties of protein hydrolysates under hydrolysis of two proteases could be a great source of protein and possess a potential applications in food factory.

Keywords:
ficin flavourzyme bighead carp enzymolysis amino acids FTIR solubility SEM antioxidants properties

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