Effectiveness of Nutrition and Exercise Counseling Combination on Desirable Dietary Pattern and Weight Loss

Trina Astuti^1, , Rosmida Marbun¹, Surmita Surmita² and Angelina R Bustos³

¹Departement of Nutrition, Poltekkes Kemenkes Jakarta II, Jakarta, Indonesia

²Departement of Nutrition, Poltekkes Kemenkes Bandung, Bandung, Indonesia

³IHNF, College of Human Ecology, University of the Philippines Los Baños, Philippines

Cite this paper:
Trina Astuti, Rosmida Marbun, Surmita Surmita and Angelina R Bustos. Effectiveness of Nutrition and Exercise Counseling Combination on Desirable Dietary Pattern and Weight Loss. Journal of Food and Nutrition Research. 2022; 10(3):235-241. doi: 10.12691/jfnr-10-3-9

Abstract

The prevalence of overweight and obese among teenagers in Jakarta City was recorded at 9.4% and 5.7%, respectively. Overweight and obesity are known conditions that have consequences on the physical, psychological and emotional as well as the risks related to non-communicable diseases. In order to address the problems on overweight and obesity, the study was designed to assess the effect of nutrition education (NE), nutrition counseling (NC), nutrition counseling and exercise (NCE) in changing the desirable dietary pattern (DDP) and weight of overweight and obese teenagers in Jakarta. Methods: The subjects were 120 students in High School 80 Jakarta who met the criteria of inclusion (with z-score BMI for Age score above 1) and exclusion. The study design was employed a Randomize Control Trial having three intervention groups (NE, NC and NCE) and one control group, each with 30 subjects. Interventions were implemented for two months. Baseline and endline data were obtained through interviews, self-administered questionnaires, anthropometric measurements (weight and height) and 24-hour food recall. Results: Wilcoxon test (α=0.05) showed significant changing in DDP score in NE (pNE=0.012) and NC (pNC=0.000); and weight loss in all three intervention groups (pNE=0.018; pNC=0.003; pNCE=0.004). Compared to Control Group (Mann-Whitney test, α=0.05), NC intervention was the most effective in changing DDP scores (p=0.000) and weight loss (p=0.000). Conclusion: Nutrition counseling was found the most effective intervention in improving the DDP and in decreasing the weights of overweight and obese subjects. It can be continued through peer counseling model among high school students to prevent obesity in teenagers.

Keywords:
teenager overweight obese nutrition counseling nutrition education

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