Distribution of Organochlorine Pesticides Residues in Solanum macrocarpum and Lactuca sativa Cultivated in South of Benin (Cotonou and Seme-Kpodji)

Prudence Agnandji¹, Lucie Ayi-Fanou^1, , Magloire A. N. Gbaguidi², Boris Fresnel Cachon³, Mathieu Hounha¹, Michelline Tchibozo Dikpo⁴, Fabrice Cazier⁵ and Ambaliou Sanni¹

¹Unité de Biochimie et Biologie Moléculaire/Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire et Environnement/ Département de Biochimie et Biologie Cellulaire/Université d'Abomey-Calavi 04BP0320 Cotonou, Bénin

²Unité de Recherche en Ecotoxicologie et Etude de Qualité (UREEQ)/Laboratoire d’Etude et de Recherche en Chimie Appliquée (LERCA)/ Ecole Polytechnique d’Abomey-Calavi (EPAC)/Université d’Abomey-Calavi (UAC) 01BP2009 Cotonou, Bénin

³Faculté des Sciences et Techniques de Dassa-Zoume, Université des Sciences, Technologie, Ingénieurie et Mathémathiques, Dassa-Zoume, Benin

⁴Laboratoire des Normes et de Contrôle de Qualité Microbiologique, Nutritionnelle et Pharmacologique, Université d’Abomey-Calavi, 01 BP 1636 RP, Cotonou, Bénin

⁵Centre Commun de Mesure, Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale Dunkerque, France

Cite this paper:
Prudence Agnandji, Lucie Ayi-Fanou, Magloire A. N. Gbaguidi, Boris Fresnel Cachon, Mathieu Hounha, Michelline Tchibozo Dikpo, Fabrice Cazier and Ambaliou Sanni. Distribution of Organochlorine Pesticides Residues in Solanum macrocarpum and Lactuca sativa Cultivated in South of Benin (Cotonou and Seme-Kpodji). American Journal of Food Science and Technology. 2018; 6(1):19-25. doi: 10.12691/ajfst-6-1-4

Abstract

Organochlorines pesticides (OCPs) which utilization is banned, affect nutrition quality of vegetables. Recent research shown their presence in different vegetables. Since last study carried out in 2007 about vegetables contamination by OCPs residues in Benin, none research is done about OCPs residues monitoring in vegetables. This study was conducted to monitor OCPs residues in two vegetables (Solanum macrocarpum L. and Lactuca sativa L.) collected from 4 farms sites in two communes (Cotonou and Seme-kpodji) of Benin. A total of 31 samples of Solanum macrocarpum L. and Lactuca sativa L. were collected from the study areas and analyzed for 13 OCPs residues, which can be grouped into DDTs, Aldrins, Endosulfans, HCHs and Methoxychlor. The data revealed that 100% of the vegetable samples were contaminated by OCPs residues. Aldrin, Dieldrin, Endrin, Endosulfan sulfate, pp’-DDE and pp’-DDT concentrations found were below the maximum residue limits (MRLs) set by European Union (EU) whereas 31.25%, 37.5%, 43.75% of β-HCH, α-Endosulfan, β-Endosulfan concentrations found in Solanum macrocarpum L. were above the EU MRLs adopted values. In Lactuca sativa L., the levels of β-HCH and β-Endosulfan were about 6.67% each and were above the EU (MRLs). Many of OCPs residues levels are below MRLs while three OCPs residues exceeded EU MLRs. This observation suggests that vegetables contamination is due to the persistence of OCPs residues in the soil where vegetables were cultivated. We therefore propose the monitoring of OCPs and other pesticide residues in vegetables cultivated in Benin to perform nutritional quality of vegetables.

Keywords:
vegetables organochlorine pesticides Benin health environment

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

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