Effect of Acetylated Wheat Starch on Metabolic Indices in High-Fat Diet-induced Obese and Hyperglycemic Mice

Thi Thu Hien Chu¹, Hai Thuy Nguyen², Thi Hoa Phu², Huu Dung Tran² and Manh Hung Tran^3,

¹Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Buon Ma Thuot University, Buon Ma Thuot, Vietnam

²Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hue University, Hue, Vietnam

³Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, 41 Dinh Tien Hoang Street, Ben Nghe ward, district 1, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Vietnam

Cite this paper:
Thi Thu Hien Chu, Hai Thuy Nguyen, Thi Hoa Phu, Huu Dung Tran and Manh Hung Tran. Effect of Acetylated Wheat Starch on Metabolic Indices in High-Fat Diet-induced Obese and Hyperglycemic Mice. Journal of Food and Nutrition Research. 2022; 10(4):293-298. doi: 10.12691/jfnr-10-4-5

Abstract

Resistant starches are commercially available as food ingredients for diabetic and obese patients; however, the effects of acetylated wheat starch on digestive enzymes and the glucose-insulin response both in vitro and in vivo require additional evidence. The goal of this study was to evaluate the effects of acetylated wheat starch (AWS) on blood glucose and insulin responses in high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obese and hyperglycemic mice. In vitro determination of α-amylase and amyloglucosidase resistance was performed according to AOAC 2002.02. Obese and hyperglycemic conditions were induced by HFD containing 52.1% fat. Postprandial blood glucose level, intraperitoneal glucose tolerance test (IPGTT), intraperitoneal insulin tolerance test (IPITT), homeostatic model assessment, and insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) were performed to evaluate the effects of AWS on glucose-insulin response after a single dose or repeated dose of AWS treatment and compared with normal wheat starch (NWS). The results showed that AWS contained a higher ratio of resistant starch (32.11 ± 0.99%) in comparison to NWS (7.36 ± 0.65%) (p < 0.05). The HFD induced significant metabolic alterations, including obesity and-, increased blood glucose (≥ 8.3 mmol/L), triglyceride (≥ 30% vs. control), and insulin levels. In the single-dose treatment protocol in obese, hyperglycemic mice, both postprandial blood glucose and its area under curve (AUC)_0-120min values were significantly lower in the AWS-fed group than in the control (NWS-fed) group (p < 0.05). Long-term (8-week) treatment with AWS in obese, hyperglycemic mice significantly lowered body weight, blood glucose levels, and AUC values compared with those of the NWS group (p < 0.05). There was a significant decrease in the HOMA-IR index and AUC value during IPGTT and IPITT in the AWS-treated groups. This study demonstrated that AWS exerted more beneficial effects than NWS in obese and hyperglycemic mice, including weight loss, improved glucose-, and insulin tolerance, and reduced insulin resistance.

Keywords:
acetylated wheat starch obesity diabetes glucose insulin mice

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