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Journal of Food and Nutrition Research
ISSN (Print): 2333-1119 ISSN (Online): 2333-1240 Website: https://www.sciepub.com/journal/jfnr Editor-in-chief: Prabhat Kumar Mandal
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Journal of Food and Nutrition Research. 2019, 7(1), 33-40
DOI: 10.12691/jfnr-7-1-5
Open AccessLiterature Review

The Maillard Reaction in Powdered Infant Formula

Lauane Nunes1, Evandro Martins2, , Ítalo Tuler Perrone3 and Antônio Fernandes de Carvalho2

1Department of Food Science, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas - SP, Brazil

2Department of Food Technology, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa - MG, Brazil

3Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora - MG, Brazil

Pub. Date: January 23, 2019
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Cite this paper:
Lauane Nunes, Evandro Martins, Ítalo Tuler Perrone and Antônio Fernandes de Carvalho. The Maillard Reaction in Powdered Infant Formula. Journal of Food and Nutrition Research. 2019; 7(1):33-40. doi: 10.12691/jfnr-7-1-5

Abstract

Powdered infant formulas are manufactured by dissolving dried ingredients in water or skimmed milk, which is then followed by pasteurization, homogenization, concentration in a vacuum evaporator and drying in spray dryer. Due to this large number of thermal processes, the formulas are subject to a series of reactions that can negatively impact their quality, among them the Maillard reaction. It is the result of chemical reactions between a carbonyl group of the reducing sugar and a free amino group of the protein or amino acid. During prolonged heating or storage of the powdered infant formula, a wide variety of reactive compounds are formed, which can then polymerize with protein residues and form dark pigments or melanoidins. The Maillard reaction is affected by several factors including pH, temperature, water activity, type of reducing sugar and presence of metals. It can result in numerous consequences, such as: an unavailability of amino acids, solubility loss, increase the allergenicity of certain proteins, and even impediment of mineral absorption. Much research is still needed to understand the consequences of the Maillard reaction in powdered infant formulas in order to find solutions that provide foods with high nutritional properties and are safe for the consumer.

Keywords:
breast milk cow milk heat treatments infants nutrients

Creative CommonsThis work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

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