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American Journal of Food and Nutrition. 2026, 14(3), 82-97
DOI: 10.12691/ajfn-14-3-1
Open AccessArticle

Potential Protective Effects of Poinciana (Delonix regia) Flower Extracts Against Benzo[a]pyrene Induced-hepatotoxicity in Rats

Yousif A. Elhassaneen1, , Seham A. Kheder1 and Hagar E. Soliman1

1Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Faculty of Home Economics, Menoufia University, Shebin El-Kom, Egypt

Pub. Date: May 26, 2026
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Cite this paper:
Yousif A. Elhassaneen, Seham A. Kheder and Hagar E. Soliman. Potential Protective Effects of Poinciana (Delonix regia) Flower Extracts Against Benzo[a]pyrene Induced-hepatotoxicity in Rats. American Journal of Food and Nutrition. 2026; 14(3):82-97. doi: 10.12691/ajfn-14-3-1

Abstract

During the research, the goal was to test the hepatoprotective ability of a Delonix regia flower ethanol extract (DRFE) on benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P)-induced hepatic toxicity in rats. Thirty rats in this paper consisted of a normal control group and a hepatotoxic group, which was subjected to DRFE at doses of 200, 400, or 600 mg/kg over the 28 days. B[a]P treatment resulted in significant reductions in body weight (-35.16%), feed intake (-37.48%), feed efficiency ratio (-27.36%), and liver weight (- 24.61%), and an increase in serum liver enzyme (AST, +187%, ALT, +164%, ALP, +88.6%), total bilirubin (+208.9%) and direct bilirubin (+234.2%), and the reduction in total protein (-25.3%). There was a violation of the balance of glutathione (GSH, -65.76%, GSSG, +31.08%, GSH/GSSG +73.88%), and an increase in the number of ROS (+241.79%) and MDA (+70.87%). The dose-dependent treatment of DRFE restored nutritional and hepatic parameters, the highest dose (600 mg/kg) improving body weight (+47.46%), liver weight (+24.20%), AST (−53.2%), ALT (−44.5%), ALP (−38.6%), total bilirubin (−51.1%), direct bilirubin (−47.8%), total protein (+20.52%), albumin (+32.78%), GSH (+109.97%). Such protective activities are attributed to the DRFE flavonoids, phenolic acids, tannins, sterols, and triterpenoids that have antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and membrane-stabilizing properties, repairing liver functioning, redox, and protein production. In general, DRFE had a good hepatoprotective effect against the B[a]P-induced toxicity with increasing doses which also indicates that it has a high potential in the use as a natural and plant-based agent in reducing the liver damage caused by environmental or dietary hepatotoxins.

Keywords:
Liver enzyme bilirubin glutathione cytochrome P450 lipid peroxidation malondialdehyde

Creative CommonsThis work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

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