Evaluation of Antifungal and Antibacterial Activities of Tunisian Lentisc (Pistacia Lentiscus L.) Fruit Oil

Cyrine Dhieb^1, , Hajer Trabelsi², Sadok Boukhchina² and Najla Sadfi-Zouaoui¹

¹Laboratoire de Mycologie, Pathologies et Biomarqueurs (LR16ES05), Faculté des Sciences de Tunis, Université de Tunis El Manar, 2092 Tunis, Tunisie

²Laboratoire de Neurophysiologie, Physiopathologie cellulaire et Valorisation des Biomolécules, Faculté des Sciences de Tunis Université de Tunis El Manar, 2092, Tunis, Tunisie

Cite this paper:
Cyrine Dhieb, Hajer Trabelsi, Sadok Boukhchina and Najla Sadfi-Zouaoui. Evaluation of Antifungal and Antibacterial Activities of Tunisian Lentisc (Pistacia Lentiscus L.) Fruit Oil. Journal of Food and Nutrition Research. 2021; 9(4):177-181. doi: 10.12691/jfnr-9-4-1

Abstract

Background: Intensive studies and experiments have proven that the drug resistance of microorganisms is evolving very disturbingly. As a consequence, new avenues of research become strongly essential to expand knowledge on this phenomenon and develop highly effective alternatives targeting it. Therefore, there is increasing interest in the use of medicinal plants for treatment of many infections. Objective: In accordance with these findings, this study aims to evaluate the in vitro activities of fruit oil extracted from Tunisian varieties of Pistacia lentiscus, growing in Rimel forest (Bizerte) in north of Tunisia, against some medically important and emerging species of bacteria and yeasts. Methods: The antimicrobial activities were performed using the disc diffusion method. We evaluate antimicrobial activities of this oil against many species like Staphylococcus aureus; Pseudomonas aeruginosa; Escherichia coli and C. albicans and to our knowledge, in our current study, we demonstrated for the first time his activities against the following species: Listeria innocua; Salmonella enterica; Enterococcus faecalis; Shigella flexneri; Candida parapsilosis; Candida tropicalis and Candida glabrata. Results: The results showed positive activities of fruit oil against all tested bacteria and yeasts with some differences depending on the microorganism tested. The maximum antibacterial activities were obtained against Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. For yeasts, the oil exhibited high activity against C. parapsilosis. Conclusion: This study elaborately confirmed that Tunisian P. lentiscus fruit oil contains compounds that can be used to treat many infections.

Keywords:
P. lentiscus fruit oil yeasts bacteria disc diffusion

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

References:

[1]	Marston, H.D., et al., Antimicrobial Resistance. JAMA, 2016. 316(11): p. 1193-1204.
[2]	Nikitina, V.S., et al., Antibacterial activity of polyphenolic compounds isolated from plants of Geraniaceae and Rosaceae families. Applied Biochemistry and Microbiology, 2007. 43(6): p. 629-634.
[3]	Bobis, O., et al., Influence of phytochemical profile on antibacterial activity of different medicinal plants against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. Applied Biochemistry and Microbiology, 2014. 51(1): p. 113-118.
[4]	Duru, M.E., et al., Chemical composition and antifungal properties of essential oils of three Pistacia species. Fitoterapia, 2003. 74(1-2): p. 170-176.
[5]	Dedoussis, G.V., et al., Antiatherogenic effect of Pistacia lentiscus via GSH restoration and downregulation of CD36 mRNA expression. Atherosclerosis, 2004. 174(2): p. 293-303.
[6]	Benhammou, N., F. Atik Bekkara, and T. Kadifkova Panovska, Antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of the Pistacia lentiscus and Pistacia atlantica extracts. African Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology., 2008. 2: p. 022-028.
[7]	Ali-Shtayeh, M.S., et al., Antimicrobial activity of 20 plants used in folkloric medicine in the Palestinian area. J Ethnopharmacol, 1998. 60(3): p. 265-71.
[8]	Balan, K.V., et al., Antiproliferative activity and induction of apoptosis in human colon cancer cells treated in vitro with constituents of a product derived from Pistacia lentiscus L. var. chia. Phytomedicine, 2007. 14(4): p. 263-72.
[9]	Romani, A., et al., Identification and quantification of galloyl derivatives, flavonoid glycosides and anthocyanins in leaves of Pistacia lentiscus L. Phytochem Anal, 2002. 13(2): p. 79-86.
[10]	Trabelsi, H., et al., Total lipid content, fatty acids and 4-desmethylsterols accumulation in developing fruit of Pistacia lentiscus L. growing wild in Tunisia. Food Chemistry, 2012. 131(2): p. 434-440.
[11]	Trabelsi, H., et al., LC–ESI–QTOF–MS, MS/MS Analysis of Glycerophospholipid Species in Three Tunisian Pistacia lentiscus Fruit Populations. Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society, 2013. 90(5): p. 611-618.
[12]	Trabelsi, H., et al., Triacylglycerols and aliphatic alcohols from fruits of three Tunisian Pistacia lentiscus populations. J Sci Food Agric, 2015. 95(10): p. 2028-32.
[13]	Mezni, F., et al., In vitro antimicrobial activity of Pistacia lentiscus L. edible oil and phenolic extract. Nat Prod Res, 2015. 29(6): p. 565-70.
[14]	Mezni, F., et al., Effect of growing area on tocopherols, carotenoids and fatty acid composition of Pistacia lentiscus edible oil. Nat Prod Res, 2014. 28(16): p. 1225-30.
[15]	Dhieb, C., et al., Comparison of MALDI-TOF mass spectra with microsatellite length polymorphisms in Candida albicans. J Mass Spectrom, 2015. 50(2): p. 371-7.
[16]	Dhieb, C., et al., MALDI-TOF typing highlights geographical and fluconazole resistance clusters in Candida glabrata. Med Mycol, 2015. 53(5): p. 462-9.
[17]	Balouiri, M., M. Sadiki, and S.K. Ibnsouda, Methods for in vitro evaluating antimicrobial activity: A review. J Pharm Anal, 2016. 6(2): p. 71-79.
[18]	Canton, E., et al., Epidemiological cutoff values for fluconazole, itraconazole, posaconazole, and voriconazole for six Candida species as determined by the colorimetric Sensititre YeastOne method. J Clin Microbiol, 2013. 51(8): p. 2691-5.
[19]	Bozorgi, M., et al., Five Pistacia species (P. vera, P. atlantica, P. terebinthus, P. khinjuk, and P. lentiscus): a review of their traditional uses, phytochemistry, and pharmacology. ScientificWorldJournal, 2013. 2013: p. 219815.
[20]	Bammou, M., et al., Valorisation du lentisque «<i>Pistacia lentiscus L.</i>»: Étude ethnobotanique, Screening phytochimique et pouvoir antibactérien. Journal of Applied Biosciences, 2015. 86(1): p. 7966.
[21]	Emtinan, A.A., et al., In vitro antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of Pistacia lentiscus, Phyllanthus anderssonii and Cinnamomum verum crude extracts and fractions. Journal of Medicinal Plants Research, 2018. 12(16): p. 186-193.
[22]	Manohar, V., et al., Antifungal activities of origanum oil against Candida albicans. Mol Cell Biochem, 2001. 228(1-2): p. 111-7.
[23]	Agoramoorthy, G., et al., ANTIBACTERIAL AND ANTIFUNGAL ACTIVITIES OF FATTY ACID METHYL ESTERS OF THE BLIND-YOUR-EYE MANGROVE FROM INDIA. Brazilian Journal of Microbiology, 2007. 38(ISSN 1517-8382): p. 739-742.
[24]	Hayouni el, A., et al., Tunisian Salvia officinalis L. and Schinus molle L. essential oils: their chemical compositions and their preservative effects against Salmonella inoculated in minced beef meat. Int J Food Microbiol, 2008. 125(3): p. 242-51.
[25]	Zheng, C.J., et al., Fatty acid synthesis is a target for antibacterial activity of unsaturated fatty acids. FEBS Lett, 2005. 579(23): p. 5157-62.