Quantum-Mechanical Description of Physical Reality Shall Be Considered Complete

Zhonglin BO^1,

¹Dupont China Technical Center, 600 Cailun Road, Shanghai 201203, P.R. China

Cite this paper:
Zhonglin BO. Quantum-Mechanical Description of Physical Reality Shall Be Considered Complete. International Journal of Physics. 2022; 10(3):174-181. doi: 10.12691/ijp-10-3-5

Abstract

After the deduction and comparison of wave motions of classical particles and quantum particles, we prove that there are two restrictions applied to both classical particles and quantum particles. Both restrictions are just to ensure energy conservation principle of the wave motion. The Heisenberg’s famous inequality was nothing to do with the measurements of particle’s position or mentum, the restriction of the inequality is just the lower limit of the wave motion. His uncertainty principle was not correct from both mathematical and physical perspective. Based on the mathematic analysis and logic reasoning process review, we conclude that all the Heisenberg’s uncertainty principle, Born rule and Bohr’s complimentary principle were not correct. Even for a quantum particle, at any time, it must be classically localized instead of non-local. Without the Copenhagen interpretations, the quantum mechanics shall still be considered complete according to EPR’s criteria which are used to verify the completeness of a physics theory. The particle-wave duality of quantum particles comes from their inner features of electric vector(s).

Keywords:
Heisenberg’s uncertainty principle Born rule Bohr’s complimentary principle physical reality spin particle-wave duality

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

References:

[1]	D.J. Griffiths, Introduction to Quantum Mechanics. Prentice Hall. ISBN 0-13-124405-1, 1994.
[2]	D.Z. Albert, Quantum Mechanics and Experience. Harvard Univ. Press, ISBN 0-674-74112-9, 1992.
[3]	A. Einstein, B. Podolsky, N. Rosen, “Can Quantum-Mechanical description of Physical Realty Be Considered Complete?” Physical Review. 47(10): p777-780(1935).
[4]	J. von Neumann, Mathematische Grundlagen der Quantenmechanik. Springer, 1932.
[5]	L. de Broglie, “La Mecanique ondulatoir et al structure atomique de la matière et du rayonnement”. Journal de Physique et le Radium, 8(5): p225-241(1927).
[6]	D. Bohm, “A suggested Interpretation of the Quantum Theory in Terms of Hidden Variables I”. Physical Review. 85(2): p166-179 (1952).
[7]	D. Bohm, “A suggested Interpretation of the Quantum Theory in Terms of Hidden Variables II”. Physical Review. 85(2): p180-193 (1952).
[8]	J.S. Bell, Speakable and Unspeakable in Quantum Mechanics, Cambridge Univ. Press, ISBN 978-0521334952, 1987.
[9]	L. Smolin, Einstein’s Unfinished Revolution. Penguin Press, New York, ISBN 978-1594206191, 2019.
[10]	M. Jammer, Philosophy of Quantum Mechanics: The Interpretations of Quantum Mechanics in Historical Perspective, Wiley-Interscience, c1974.
[11]	D. Sen, “The Uncertainty Relations in Quantum Mechanics”, Current Science. 107(2): p203-218 (2014).
[12]	Heisenberg, W. “Über den anschaulichen Inhalt der quantentheoretischen Kinematik und Mechanik”, Zeitschrift für Physik(in German), 43(3-4): p172-198 (1927).
[13]	Zhonglin BO, “Reexamine Copenhagen Interpretations of Quantum Mechanics.” International Journal of Physics, 9(6): p275-279(2021).
[14]	H.P. Robertson, “The Uncertainty Principle”. Physical Review. 34(1): p163-164 (1929).
[15]	A.C. Phillips, Introduction to Quantum Mechanics. John Wiley & Sons Ltd. ISBN 0-470-85323-9, 2003.
[16]	Wikipedia, “Born rule”, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Born_rule.
[17]	Zhonglin BO, “New Atom Configuration Based on Proton and Electron as Electric Monopole Pairs and Exploration of Quarks and Higgs Particle.” International Journal of Physics, 9(6): p269-274(2021).
[18]	Zhonglin BO, “The Intrinsic Nature of Strong Force to Bind Proton(s) and Neutron(s) to Form Nucleus and the Exploration of Nuclear Reaction.” International Journal of Physics, 10(3): p137-143(2022).
[19]	J.A. Wheeler, “‘No Fugitive and Cloistered Virtue’—A tribute to Niels Bohr”. Physics Today. Vol.16 No.1, p30(1963).
[20]	Wikipedia, “Complementarity(physics)”, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Complementarity.
[21]	W. Gerlach, O. Stern, “Der experimentelle Nachweis der Richtungsquantelung imMagnetfeld” Zeitschrift für Physik. 9(1): p349-352(1922).
[22]	W. Gerlach, O. Stern, “Das magnetische Moment des Silberatoms”. Zeitschrift für Physik. 9(1): p353-355 (1922).