The Effect of Problem Based Learning (PBL) Model toward Student's Critical Thinking and Problem Solving Ability in Senior High School

Erta Sri Wahyu^1, , Sahyar¹ and Eva Marlina Ginting¹

¹Post Graduate, State University of Medan, Medan, Indonesia

Cite this paper:
Erta Sri Wahyu, Sahyar and Eva Marlina Ginting. The Effect of Problem Based Learning (PBL) Model toward Student's Critical Thinking and Problem Solving Ability in Senior High School. American Journal of Educational Research. 2017; 5(6):633-638. doi: 10.12691/education-5-6-7

Abstract

This research aimed to analyze the gain of students’ critical thinking and problem solving ability by using conventional learning; to analyze whether the gain of students’ critical thinking and problem solving ability by using problem based learning model better than conventional learning. This research was a quasi experimental research with two group pretest-posttest design. The population of this research was second semester of State Senior High School 1 class X academic year 2016/2017.The sample of this research were two classes that consisted of 70 students by using cluster random sampling technique. Class X MIA-1 as experimental class taught by problem based learning model that consist of 34 students, class X MIA-2 as control class taught by conventional learning that consist of 36 students. The instruments of the research were essay test of critical thinking ability and problem solving ability that consist of 5 questions for each. The data were analyzed by using t-test statistics. The results showed that: the mean gain of students’ critical thinking and students’ problem solving ability taught by problem based learning was in medium level and the mean gain of students’ critical thinking and students’ problem solving ability taught by conventional learning was in low level. Hypothesis test showed that the mean gain of students’ critical thinking and problem solving ability taught by problem based learning was better than conventional learning, this result showed that there was an effect of problem-based learning model on students’ critical thinking and problem-solving ability.

Keywords:
problem based learning model critical thinking ability problem solving ability

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

References:

[1]	Adeyemo, S.A., “Students’ Ability Level and Their Competence in Problem-Solving Task in Physics,” International Journal of Educational Research and Technology, 1 (1). 99-111. 2008.
[2]	Alias, Masek, “The Effect of Problem Based Learning on Critical Thinking Ability: A Theoretical and Empirical Review,” International Review of Social Science and Humanities, 1 (2). 215-221. 2011.
[3]	Arends, R.I., Learning to Teach, The McGraw-Hill Campanies, New York, 2008.
[4]	Arends, Richard, Learning To Teach, Ceedar, 2013. [E-book] Available: netLibrary e-book.
[5]	Dahar, R.W., Learning Theory, Erlangga, Jakarta, 1996.
[6]	Eldy, E.F. and Sulaiman, F., “The Capability of Integrated Problem-Based Learning in Improving Students Level of Creative-Critical Thinking,” International Journal of e-Education, e-Business, e-Management and e-Learning, 3 (4): 347-350. 2013.
[7]	Ennis, R. H., Critical Thinking, Practice Hall, Uper Saddle River, New Jersey, 1996.
[8]	Ersoy, E. and Baser, N., “The Effects Of Problem Based Learning Method In Higer Education On Creative Thinking,” Procedia Social and Behavioral Science, 116. 494-3498. 2014.
[9]	Fakhriyah, F., “Implementation of Problem Based Learning in Efforts to Develop Student Critical Thinking Ability,” Journal of Science Education Indonesia, 3 (1). 95-101. 2014.
[10]	Fisher, A., Critical Thinking, Cambridge Uneversity, 2001.
[11]	Folashade, A. and Akinbobola, A.O., “Constructivist Problem Based Learning Technique and the Academic Achievement of Physics Students with Low Ability Level in Nigerian Secondary Schools,” Eurasian J. Phys. Chem. Educ, 3(1).45-51. 2009.
[12]	Harsoyo, I.T. & Sopyan, A., “Application of Problem-Based Learning Model With Probaing-Prompting Technique To Improve Student Problem Solving Ability of Science Class VII Junior High School,” Unnes Physics Education Journal, 4 (6). 267-271. 2014.
[13]	Heller, P., Ronald, K. and Scott, A., “Teaching Problem Solving Trough Cooperative Grouping,” American Assosiation of Physics Teachers, 60 (7). 627-636. 1992.
[14]	Liliasari, Building the skills of Indonesian Human Thinking through Science Education, Faculty of MIPA UPI, Bandung, 2005.
[15]	Mariati, P.S., “Development of Problem-Based Physics Learning Model for Improving Metacognition Skills and Student Concept Understanding,” Journal of Physics Education Indonesia, 10 (1). 1692-1701. 2012.
[16]	McGiegeor, D., Developing Thinking: Developing Learning, A Guide to Thinking Skill in Education, Mc Graw Hill Open University Pers, New York, 2007.
[17]	Sagala, S., Konsep dan Makna Pembelajaran, Alfabeta, Bandung, 2011.
[18]	Sahyar, Fitri, R.K., “The Effect of Problem-Based Learning Model (PBL) and Adversity Quotient (AQ) on Problem-Solving Ability,” American Journal of Educational Research, 5 (2). 179-183. 2017.
[19]	Sahyar, Sani, R.A. and Malau, T., “The Effect of Problem Based Learning (PBL) Model and Self Regulated Learning (SRL) toward Physics Problem Solving Ability (PSA) of Students at Senior High School,” American Journal of Educational Research, 5 (3). 279-283. 2017.
[20]	Santyasa, I., “Development Understanding Concepts and Problem Solving Ability Physics For High School Students With Empowerment Model Conceptual Change Set Group Investigation,” Ganesha Education Journal, 11 (3). 1242-1248. 2009.
[21]	Setyorin, U., Sukiswo, S.E. and Subali, B., “Implementation of Problem Based Learning to Improve the Critical Thinking Ability of Junior High School Students,” Journal of Physics Education Indonesia, 7 (2) : 52-56. 2010.