Qualitative, Quantitative Phytochemical Screening and Antioxidant Study of Root Bark Extracts of Terminalia aviccinniodes from Central African Republic

Mathurin Issa-Madongo¹, Xavier Worowounga^1, , Paul Ngaïssona^{1, 2}, Armel Frédéric Namkona¹, Eugene Gbayonnon¹, Olivia Semboli^{1, 3}, Fatia Moustapha^{1, 2} and Jean-Laurent Syssa-Magalé¹

¹Laboratoire d’Architecture, d’Analyse et Réactivité des Substances Naturelles (LAARSN) Faculté des Sciences, Université de Bangui, BP908 Bangui

²Centre d’Etude et De Recherche en Pharmacopée et Médecine Traditionnelle Africaine (CERPHAMETA)

³Laboratoire de biodiversité végétale et fongique, République Centrafricaine

Cite this paper:
Mathurin Issa-Madongo, Xavier Worowounga, Paul Ngaïssona, Armel Frédéric Namkona, Eugene Gbayonnon, Olivia Semboli, Fatia Moustapha and Jean-Laurent Syssa-Magalé. Qualitative, Quantitative Phytochemical Screening and Antioxidant Study of Root Bark Extracts of Terminalia aviccinniodes from Central African Republic. Research in Plant Sciences. 2022; 10(1):7-11. doi: 10.12691/plant-10-1-2

Abstract

The species we have chosen is Terminalia aviccinniodes from the combretacae family is a medium-sized tree that can reach about 30 m in height and is widespread in tropical Africa, known locally in the Central African pharmacopoeia. It is a species widely used in traditional medicine for its therapeutic properties. Objectives: As part of the development of medicinal plants in the Central African Republic, the interest of this study is focused on the traditional uses, the phytochemical study and the antioxidant activity of Terminalia aviccinniodes. Results: The results of the various extracts obtained showed that the methanol extract has the best yield with a percentage of 9.02%. Qualitative analyzes revealed the presence of flavonoides, tannins, les saponins, sterols and triterpenes. The results showed that the root extracts of Terminalia aviccinniodes contain more polyphenols than the other families (tannins, anthocyanins and flavonoids). The quantified total polyphenols of the different extracts varied between 9.35±8.77 and 41.00± 31.66 mg of gallic acid equivalent (mg EqAG/g). The methanol extract has the best rate of polyphenols 41.00± 31.66 mg of gallic acid equivalent (mg EqAG/g), than the other extracts. It is followed by the ethyl acetate extract with a level of 28.60 ± 2.10 mg of gallic acid equivalent (mg EqAG/g). The quantified tannins have a rate that varies between 2.21±11.54 and 9.17±2.97mg Catechin Equivalent/g. The best correlation coefficient obtained is R²=0.899 between antioxidant activity and flavonoids. Conclusion: The phytochemical study revealed the presence of certain molecules such as polyphenols and alkaloids, which can give Terminalia aviccinniodes its therapeutic properties.

Keywords:
Terminalia aviccinniodes phytochemical 2.2-diphényl 1-pycrilhydrazyle and antioxidant activity

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