Assessment of Heavy Metals Contamination in Sediments of Bra Kanon Lake (Daloa, Côte d’Ivoire) Using Pollution Indices

Seiny Roger N’dri¹, Amadou Kouyaté^2, , Issiaka Sanou³, N’guessan Jean Louis Kouakou², Kouakou Séraphin Konan², Nina Lydie Amon⁴, Leygnima Yaya Ouattara⁵, Mougo André Tigori², Ali Sanou^{1, 5} and Brou Dibi²

¹Laboratoire des Sciences Physiques Fondamentales et Appliquées (LSPFA), Ecole Normale Supérieure (ENS), 08 BP 10 Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire

²Laboratoire des Sciences et Technologies de l’Environnement (LSTE), Université Jean Lorougnon Guédé, UFR Environnement, BP 150 Daloa, Côte d’Ivoire

³Laboratoire de Chimie et Energies Renouvelables (LaCER), Unité de Formation et de Recherche en Sciences Exactes et Appliquées (UFR/SEA), Université Nazi BONI, Bobo-Dioulasso, B.P. 1091 Bobo 01, Burkina Faso.

⁴Département de l’Environnement et de la Santé, Université Institut Pasteur de Côte d’Ivoire (IPCI), 01 BP 490 Abidjan 01, Côte d’Ivoire

⁵Laboratoire des Procédés Industriels de Synthèses, de l’Environnement et des Energies Nouvelles (LAPISEN), Institut National Polytechnique Félix Houphouët-Boigny (INP-HB), BP 1313 Yamoussoukro, Côte d’Ivoire

Cite this paper:
Seiny Roger N’dri, Amadou Kouyaté, Issiaka Sanou, N’guessan Jean Louis Kouakou, Kouakou Séraphin Konan, Nina Lydie Amon, Leygnima Yaya Ouattara, Mougo André Tigori, Ali Sanou and Brou Dibi. Assessment of Heavy Metals Contamination in Sediments of Bra Kanon Lake (Daloa, Côte d’Ivoire) Using Pollution Indices. Journal of Environment Pollution and Human Health. 2024; 12(2):38-46. doi: 10.12691/jephh-12-2-4

Abstract

The objective of this study is to evaluate the level of metal contamination in the sediments of Lake Bra Kanon (Daloa, West-Central Côte d’Ivoire) by applying pollution indices. Sediment samples were collected and transported to the laboratory for analysis. A total of ten (10) heavy metals, namely Aluminum, Arsenic, Cadmium, Chromium, Copper, Iron, Manganese, Nickel, Lead and Zinc, were measured using an argon plasma ionizing source mass spectrometer (ICP-MS). The recorded values were compared to those of the upper continental crust. The results obtained showed that the sediments are contaminated by cadmium (4.69 – 6.92 mg/kg), copper (53.4– 65.2 mg/kg), and manganese. (751.8 – 985 mg/kg). Furthermore, the order of accumulation of the metal charge in the sediments is: D1 > D3 > D2. Environmental assessment of sediment pollution by heavy metals was carried out using contamination factor (CF), degree of contamination (DC), modified degree of contamination (mDC), index of metal pollution (MPI) and pollution load index (PLI). The results of CF (CF_Cd = 46.9 – 69.2; CF_Cu = 3.73 – 4.56; CF_Mn = 1.42 – 1.87), DC (54.73 – 77.63), mDC (5.473 – 7.763) and MPI (5.81 – 8.55) showed that the sediments were polluted. The pollution load index (PLI < 1) indicated that the lake sediments were weakly affected by anthropogenic sources. However, the results reveal signs of the lake's vulnerability. Hence the need to develop strategies for the protection of this aquatic ecosystem.

Keywords:
Daloa lake Bra Kanon sediments heavy metals metal pollution indices

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