On Space, Time and Reference System

Hutu^1,

¹Library, Yongzhou Vocational-technical College, Hunan Yongzhou 425100, China

Cite this paper:
Hutu. On Space, Time and Reference System. International Journal of Physics. 2018; 6(3):64-84. doi: 10.12691/ijp-6-3-3

Abstract

1. Amend the two postulates of the special relativity. 2. Set “the measurement is founded to change the object by destroying the original quantum coherence between the object and its environment” as the third postulate. 3. From the third postulate (new added postulate) educe: the concept of the reference system’s referenced weight and perhaps the reference system’s space is something nearby the referenced weight; time coordinate should be something as space coordinate there is not the problem to have to synchronize the clocks of the two reference systems before simultaneous time measurement; the essence of Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle; the “actual length” of the same measurement unit in different case is different; it is the reference system’s taking measurement instead of the ether or the object’s motion that changes the being measured object; two reference systems (e.g. Σ and Σ_a and their relative motion may be uniform or not) taking simultaneously measure of the same quantity of the same object their measurement will disturb each other and “the numerical values before Σ’s unit” ≠ “the numerical values before Σ_a’s unit” (only when the relative motion speed v≡0 or uniform relative speed v=0 can the sign ≠ just turn into =); even in uniform relative motion Σ and Σ_a still are different for the relative motion and they may have different referenced weight, in taking simultaneously measure of the same speed of relative motion the speed numerical values of Σ_a is v while of Σ is va₁₁/a₄₄. 4. From the three postulates express the relation between the numerical values of the two reference systems taking simultaneous measurement of the same speed by matrix and the same small moving particle’s mass by the element of the matrix; determine the speed of the photon which come from “in motion” light source by the photon’s speed when light source “in stationary” and the reference systems’ coordinate relation; determine two reference systems’ coordinates relation when reduced the case educe generally there is not the invariant interval and then there is not the proper time, re-reduced the case and re-re-reduced the case then educe the essence of “in motion” time dilate or contract meanwhile space contract or dilate in all directions, moving micro-particle’s time to dilate and space to contract in all directions, superluminal photonic tunneling experiment, quasar’s super-luminal expansion and fine structure constant’s lessening, took Michelson-Morley experiment with the light from the sun or quasars or high-speed (close to C) moving micro-particle all obtained zero result.

Keywords:
simultaneous measurements interactional impact referenced weight go beyond light Light speed can be changed “In motion” time dilate or contract meanwhile space contract or dilate (in all directions)

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

References:

[1]	http://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/physics/laureates/1978/.
[2]	http://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/physics/laureates/2006.
[3]	R D Blandford, C F Mckee and M J Rees Nature 267 211-6 (1977).
[4]	M H Cohen, K I Kellermann, D B Shaffer, R P Linfield, A T Moffet, J D Romney, G A Seielstad, I I K Pauliny-Toth, E Preuss, A Witzel, R T Schilizzi & B J Geldzahler Nature 268 404-9 (1977).
[5]	A M Steinber, P G Kwait and R Y Chiao Phys. Rev. Lett. 71(5) 708-11 (1993).
[6]	Ch Spielmann, R Szipöcs, A Stingl and F Krausz Phys. Rev. Lett. 73(20) 2308-11 (1994).
[7]	A Enders and G Nimtz J. Phys. 1 France, (2) 1693-8 (1992).
[8]	G Nimtz and W Heitmann Prog. Quant. Electr. 21(2) 81-108 (1977).
[9]	H. P. Robertson, Rev. Mod. Phys 21 378 (1949).
[10]	W F Edwards Amer. J. of Phys 31 482-9 (1963).
[11]	J A Winne Philosophy of Sci. 37 81-99, 223-38 (1970).
[12]	R. Mansouri and R. U. Sexl, Gen. Relativ. Gravit. 8 497 (1977); 8 515 (1977); 8 809 (1977).
[13]	B. Bertotti, Radio Sci. 14, 621 (1979).
[14]	S S Tan J. of Natl. Univ. of Defense Tech. 1 151-202 (1984) (in Chinese); Matter Regularity 4 1-31 (2004).
[15]	D. W. MacArthur, Phys. Rev. A 33, 1 (1986).
[16]	M. P. Haugan and C. M. Will, Phys. Today 40(5), 69 (1987).
[17]	G. Abolghasem, M. R. H. Khajehpour and R. Mansouri, Phys. Lett. A 132, 310 (1988).
[18]	E. Riis et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 60, 81 (1988); 62, 842 (1989).
[19]	Z. Bay and J. A. White, Phys. Rev. Lett. 62, 841 (1989).
[20]	M. D. Gabriel and M.P.Haugan, Phys. Rev. D 41, 2943 (1990).
[21]	T. P. Krisher et al., Phys. Rev. D 42, 731 (1990).
[22]	C. M. Will, Phys. Rev. D 45, 403 (1992).
[23]	Y X Gui Chinese Phys. Lett. 9 505 (1992).
[24]	N Bahreyni and K H Knuth Bulletin of the American Physical Society APS March Meeting 56(1) (2011)
[25]	A. Einstein Ann. Phys. (Leipzig) 17 891 (1905).
[26]	S S Tan From Special Relativity to Standard Space-time Theory (Changsha: Hunan keji press) 219, 84, 254, 295-7, 79 (2007) (in Chinese).
[27]	M F Ahmed, B M Quine, S Sargoytchev, A D Stauffer Indian J. Phys. 86(11) 835-49 (2012).
[28]	Durr S, Nonn T, Rempe G, Nature 395(3): 336 37 (1998); Phys Rev Lett, 81(26): 57056 5709 (1998).
[29]	Weihs G, Jennewein T, Simon C, Weinfurter H, Zeilinger A, Phys Rev Lett. 81(23): 50396 5043 (1998).
[30]	Tittel W, et al, Phys Rev(A) 57(5): 3396 3232 (1998); Tittel W, Brende J, Zhinden H, Gisin N, Phys Rev Lett 81(17): 33636 3366 (1998).
[31]	A Apostolakis, et al, CPLEAR collabo, Phys Lett(B). 422(16 4): 3396 348 (1998).
[32]	A Angelopoulos, et al, CPLEAR collabo, Phys Lett(B). 444(16 2): 436 51: 526 60 (1998).
[33]	G L Long, S Y Pei and J Y Zeng Recent Progress in Quantum Mechanics Volume 4 (Beijin: Qing-Hua University Press) 261 (2007) (in Chinese).
[34]	B A Fuke Space, time and gravitation theory (Beijing: Science Press) 25-9 & 503-10 (1965) (in Chinese).
[35]	D J Griffiths Introduction to Electrodynamics (New Jersey: Prentice-Hall Inc Englewood Cliffs) 422-4 (1981).
[36]	C Møller The Theory of Relativity (The International Series of Monographs on Physics)ed Kapitza P and Bullard E(Amen House London E C4: Oxford University Press) 67-9 (1952).
[37]	C Kittle, W D Knight and M A Ruderman Mechanics (Berkeley Physics Course Volume 1) Second Edition (New York: McGraw-Hill) 350-5 (1973).
[38]	J. K. Webb et. al. Phys. Rev. Lett. 87 091301 (2001).
[39]	R. C. Tolman Phys. Rev., 31, 33 (1910).
[40]	T. Alväger et al Arkiv Fysik. 31 145 (1966).