Antidiabetic Activity of Aqueous Extracts of Laurus nobilis, a Spice Used by Beninese Traditional Therapists

Maximin Senou^1, , Jacques Ezéchiel Lokonon¹, Germaine Ayitchehou¹, Félicienne Agbogba^{1, 2}, René J. Dehou¹, Espérance Medoatinsa¹, Pascal Tchogou¹, Boris Fresel Cachon¹, Alban Houngbeme³, Eugène Attakpa⁴, Amègnona Agbonon⁵ and Saïd Lamine Baba-Moussa⁶

¹Laboratory of Experimental and Clinical Biology (LaBEC), National School of Applied Biosciences and Biotechnologies (ENSBBA), National University of Sciences, Technologies, Engineering and Mathematics (UNSTIM), R. Benin

²Laboratoire de Biologie Appliquée (LARBA), Ecole Polytechnique d’Abomey-Calavi (EPAC), Université d’Abomey-Calavi (UAC), R Bénin

³Laboratoire National de Pharmacognosie/Centre Béninois de la Recherche Scientifique et Technique (CBRST). BP 06 Oganla Porto-Novo, R Benin

⁴Laboratoire de Physiopathologie Moléculaire et Toxicologie de la Faculté des Sciences et Techniques (FAST) de l’Université d’Abomey-Calavi (UAC), R Benin

⁵Laboratoire de Physiologie/Pharmacologie, Faculté des Sciences, Université de Lomé, R. Togo

⁶Laboratory of Biology and Molecular Typing in Microbiology, University of Abomey-Calavi 01 BP 188 Cotonou, R Benin

Cite this paper:
Maximin Senou, Jacques Ezéchiel Lokonon, Germaine Ayitchehou, Félicienne Agbogba, René J. Dehou, Espérance Medoatinsa, Pascal Tchogou, Boris Fresel Cachon, Alban Houngbeme, Eugène Attakpa, Amègnona Agbonon and Saïd Lamine Baba-Moussa. Antidiabetic Activity of Aqueous Extracts of Laurus nobilis, a Spice Used by Beninese Traditional Therapists. American Journal of Medical Sciences and Medicine. 2021; 9(4):115-119. doi: 10.12691/ajmsm-9-4-4

Abstract

All over the world, humans developed knowledge about the use of medicinal plants to treat all kinds of diseases. Spices were included. This work aimed to evaluate the hypoglycemic property Laurus nobilis, a spice used by traditional therapists in Benin for diabetes management. The aqueous extracts of the leaves of Laurus nobilis were obtained by maceration. The phytochemical screening was carried out. Acute oral toxicity tests by single dose gavage of 2000 mg / kg body weight were performed in female Wistar rats. The weight of the animals, the serum creatinine, the ALT transaminase and the hemoglobin level were determined on day 0 and then on day 14. For the efficacy test, the extract was administered to rats at a concentration of 300 mg / Kg of body weight for 21 consecutive days. The blood tests performed were blood sugar, triglycerides and cholesterol. Histological sections were taken from the liver, kidneys and spleen. The phytochemical screening revealed the presence of tannins, mucilages and flavonoids. There were no deaths of rats and their weights, blood creatinine, ALT transaminase, and hemoglobin levels did not vary significantly during the toxicity study, indicating no toxicity. Regarding the efficacy test, Laurus nobilis extract significantly lowered the mean blood sugar level in rats on day 14 and day 21 (P <0.05) while the mean triglyceride and cholesterol levels total did not significantly change during the experiment. Laurus nobilis displayed hypoglycemic properties in non-diabetic rats and was not acutely toxic. It could be used in the management of diabetes.

Keywords:
Laurus nobilis hypoglycaemic acute toxicity Benin

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