Detection of qnr Genes That Mediate Fluoroquinolone Resistance in Gram-Negative Bacilli in Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire

Kouakou Myrielle Fatoumata^{1, 2}, Toty Abalé Anatole^1, , Gadou Victoire³, M’Bengue Gbonon Valérie¹, Konan Kouadio Fernique¹, Guédé Kipré Bertin¹, Ouattara Mohamed Baguy¹, Tiécoura Kouakou², Guessennd Nathalie¹ and Dosso Mireille¹

¹Pasteur Institute of Côte d’Ivoire, 01 BP 490 Abidjan 01 Côte d’Ivoire

²Genetics Laboratory, UFR Biosciences, Felix Houphouët-Boigny University, 01 BP V 34 Abidjan 01, Côte d’Ivoire

³Department of Biochemistry-Genetics, UPR Microbiology, UFR of Biological Sciences, Peleforo Gon Coulibaly University, BP 1328 Korhogo, Côte d’Ivoire

Cite this paper:
Kouakou Myrielle Fatoumata, Toty Abalé Anatole, Gadou Victoire, M’Bengue Gbonon Valérie, Konan Kouadio Fernique, Guédé Kipré Bertin, Ouattara Mohamed Baguy, Tiécoura Kouakou, Guessennd Nathalie and Dosso Mireille. Detection of qnr Genes That Mediate Fluoroquinolone Resistance in Gram-Negative Bacilli in Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire. American Journal of Microbiological Research. 2023; 11(3):79-82. doi: 10.12691/ajmr-11-3-3

Abstract

The public health threat of antimicrobial resistance remains a major challenge that keeps expanding as a result of the continuous dissemination of mobile genetic elements that mediate resistance among bacteria species. This study aimed to detect genetic determinants (qnrA, qnrB, qnrC, qnrD, qnrS, and qnrVC genes) that mediate fluoroquinolone resistance in Gram-negative bacilli in Côte d'Ivoire. A total of 30 strains were characterized by biochemical tests and their identity was confirmed by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed by the agar diffusion method and the detection of qnr genes by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Fifteen (57.7%) of the Enterobacteriaceae were extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) producers. Susceptibility testing revealed resistance rates of 76.7%, 93.3%, 83.3%, and 65.2% for nalidixic acid, norfloxacin, ofloxacin, and levofloxacin respectively. Detection of fluoroquinolone resistance genes showed the presence of qnrD (36.7%), qnrB (36.7%), qnrS (13.3%), and qnrA (6.7%). This study is the first to demonstrate the presence of the qnrD gene in some Gram-negative bacilli in Côte d'Ivoire.

Keywords:
resistance qnr fluoroquinolones Gram-negative bacilli Côte d’Ivoire

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