Compliance with Recommended Universal Precautions for Control Infection by Needlestick Injury among Nursing Students

Josephin A Lawend¹, Warda El-Shahat², Heba Abubakr M. Salama^3, and Omayma Mustafa Abu Samra¹

¹Pediatric Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Mansoura University, Egypt

²Psychiatric Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Mansoura University, Egypt

³Medical-Surgical Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Mansoura University, Egypt

Cite this paper:
Josephin A Lawend, Warda El-Shahat, Heba Abubakr M. Salama and Omayma Mustafa Abu Samra. Compliance with Recommended Universal Precautions for Control Infection by Needlestick Injury among Nursing Students. American Journal of Nursing Research. 2019; 7(6):1020-1027. doi: 10.12691/ajnr-7-6-16

Abstract

Health care workers (HCWs) such as nurses are usually exposed to infectious diseases. Some infectious diseases do not have any offered vaccination or complete treatment, thus blood-borne infections are a serious cause of anxiety for HCWs. Objective of this study was to assess nursing students’ knowledge, observation of environmental risk factors, and compliance with recommended universal precautions about the prevention of infectious diseases by needlestick injury. Methods: descriptive research design was used. Setting of this study was conducted in the college of nursing at Jazan University. Sample: convenient sample of 120 students was used in the present study. Tools of data collection were consisting of four tools first; socio-demographic characteristics sheet, second; students’ knowledge assessment sheet, third; students’ compliance actions assessment sheet; fourth observations of environmental and risk factors. Results of the study revealed that, most dominant place for taking first teaching about prevention of blood borne organisms is classroom (46.4%) for 8^th level students, while labs is taking the highest response (42.2%) with in 3^rd level students. The majority of the 3^rd level students (87.5%) had fair knowledge scores related to the subject compared to (89.3%) of the 8^th level students. More than two thirds (68.7%) of the first year students had fair compliance scores with mean scores (29.10±4.17) compared to (48.2%) of the fourth year with mean scores (29.30±5.31). Conclusion: Majority of the studied students had average knowledge about prevention of infectious disease related needlestick injuries. Minority of the students in both first and fourth year had good compliance with recommended universal precautions. More than half of the students in third level and near half in eighth level had poor environmental risk factors. Recommendations: Establishing educational and awareness’ programs for all nursing students about the dangerous and prevention of occupational exposure to blood borne pathogens, infectious diseases and needlestick injury.

Keywords:
nursing students universal precautions needlestick injury blood borne diseases

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

References:

[1]	Vaz, M.C, Growder, Alexander, Gordon,L., Brown and Living (2010). Knowledge, awareness and compliance with universal precautions among health care workers at the University hospital of west indies, Jamaica. Ijoem; Vol. (4): 171-181.
[2]	Smith V. (2012). Where do hands go? An audit of sequential hand-touch events on a hospital ward. Journal of Hospital Infection. Vol. 80 :206-211
[3]	Gould D et al. The Clean Your Hands Campaign: critiquing policy and evidence base. Journal of Hospital Infection. Vol. 65: 95-101.
[4]	Januel, J.M. (2010). Estimating attributable mortality due to nosocomial infections acquired in intensive care units. Infection Control of Hospital Epidemiology. Vol. 31,:388-394
[5]	Dancer, S.J. (2009).The role of environmental cleaning in the control of hospital-acquired infection. Journal of Hospital Infection. Vol.73: 378-385.
[6]	Hashmi, A., Al Reesh, S.A. and Indah, L., (2012). Prevalence of Needle-stick and Sharps Injuries among Healthcare Workers, Najran, Saudi Arabia, Eur. J. Epidemiol., Vol.2 (2): 1.
[7]	Siddique, K., Mirza, S., Tauqir, S. F. and Anwar, I., (2008). Knowledge Attitude and Practices Regarding Needle Stick Injuries amongst Health Care Provider, Pakistan Journal of Surgery.Vol. 24(4): 243.
[8]	Swe, K.M., Somrongthong, R., Bhardwaj, A. and Bin lutfi Abas A.,(2014): Needle Sticks Injury among Medical Students during Clinical Training, Malaysia, International Journal of Collaborative Research on Internal Medicine & Public Health. Vol.6 (5): 122.
[9]	Hartley, J. (2008). Reducing the frequency and impact of needle stick injuries involving healthcare staff JAYNE HARTLEY. Issues in Healthcare Risk Management, 147.
[10]	Giani, A. (2012). EPINet™ Report: Needle Stick Injury Incidents Are High. SAFE: 6
[11]	Kale, M., Gholap, M., Shinde, M. (2014). Knowledge and Practices of Universal Precautions among Basic B.Sc. Nursing Students. International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR) Vol. 3(6), :1862-1870.
[12]	Siege, l J.D, Rhinehart, E., Jackson, M., Chiarello, L., and the Healthcare Infection Control Practices Advisory Committee (2007). Guideline for Isolation Precautions: Preventing Transmission of Infectious Agents in Healthcare Settings https://www.cdc.gov/infectioncontrol/guidelines/isolation/index.html.
[13]	Evanoff, Bradley, Kim, Lynn, Sunita, Mutha. (1999). Compliance with universal precautions among emergency department personnel caving for trauma patients. Journal of the American college of emergency physicians. Mosby –Year book, Vol. 33 (2): 160-165.
[14]	Elisabetta, R., Ustün, P., Yuvan, H. (2005). Assessing the burden of disease from sharps injuries to healthcare workers at national and local levels. World Health Organization, Geneva.
[15]	Thirumalai, A. (2010). Nursing compliance with standard fall prevention protocol among acute care hospital nurses. UNLV Theses/ Dissertations/ Professional Papers/ Capstones.
[16]	Jeong, I., Cho, J., Park, S. (2008). Compliance with standard precautions. among operating room nurses in South Korea. American Journal of infection control. Vol. 36, 739-742.
[17]	Jonah, E.Y., Mercy K. Bewerang,M.K., and Emmanue, A., (2014). Knowledge and practice of universal precautions among student nurses in school of nursing, Jos Nigeria. International Journal of Public Health Research. Vol. 2(5): 59-63.
[18]	Abas. (2014). Needle Sticks Injury among Medical Students during Clinical Training, Ysia. International Journal of Collaborative Research on Internal Medicine & Public Health. Vol. 6(5): 121-123.
[19]	Eljedi, A. and Dalo, S. (2014). Compliance with the National Palestinian Infection Prevention and Control Protocol at Governmental Pediatric Hospitals in Gaza Governorates. SQU Medical Journal. Vol. 14 (3).
[20]	Logan, A.C., (2002). Nursing students' knowledge, observation of environmental risk factors and compliance with recommended precautions for the prevention of transmission of infectious diseases by needle stick injury, Louisiana State University, LSU Doctoral Dissertations. 4089.
[21]	Hambridge, K. (2011). Needle stick and sharps injuries in the nursing student population. Nursing standard (Royal College of Nursing (Great Britain): Vol. 25(27), 38.
[22]	Shiao, J. S. C., Mclaws, M. L., Huang, K. Y., & Guo, Y. L. (2002). Student nurses in Taiwan at high risk for needle stick injuries. Annals of Epidemiology, Vol.12(3), 197-201.
[23]	Deisenhammer, S., Radon, K., Nowak, D., & Reichert, J. (2006). Needle stick injuries during medical training. Journal of Hospital Infection, Vol. 63(3), 263-267.
[24]	Norsayani MY, Noor HI. (2003). Study on incidence of needle stick injury and factors associated with this problem among medical students. J Occup. H. Vol.45(3), 172-8.
[25]	Şerife Kurşun& Selda A. (2014). Needle stick and Sharp Injuries among Nursing and Midwifery Students. International Journal of Caring Sciences. Vol. 7(2):p: 661-669.
[26]	Paul B. , Pawar, A., Kumar, D., Sujesh, P. (2014). A Study on Knowledge, Attitude and Practice of Universal Precautions among Medical and Nursing Students. Scholars Journal of Applied Medical Sciences (SJAMS) Sch. J. App. Med. Sci., Vol. 2(5E): 1821-1823.
[27]	Alam, M. (2002). Knowledge, attitude and practice among healthcare workers on needle stick injuries. Ann Saudi Med, Vol. 22(5-6), 396-9.
[28]	Abdel Moneim, F. A.(2013). Knowledge, environmental factors, and compliance about needle stick injuries among nursing students. Life Sci J, Vol. 10(4): 2467-2473]. (ISSN: 1097-8135).
[29]	Askarian, M., & Malekmakan, L. (2006). The prevalence of needle stick injuries in medical, dental, nursing and midwifery students at the university teaching hospitals of Shiraz, Iran. Indian Journal of Medical Sciences, Vo. 60(6), 227.
[30]	Yao, W. X., Yang, B., Yao, C., Bai, P. S., Qian, Y. R., Huang, C. H., & Liu, M. (2010). Needle stick injuries among nursing students in China. Nurse Education Today, Vol. 30(5), 435-437.
[31]	Clarke, S. P., Rockett, J. L., Sloane, D. M., & Aiken, L. H. (2002). Organizational climate, staffing, and safety equipment as predictors of needle stick injuries and near-misses in hospital nurses. American Journal of Infection Control, Vol. 30(4), 207-216.
[32]	Stein, A. D., Makarawo, T. P., & Ahmad, M. F. R. (2003). A survey of doctors' and nurses' knowledge, attitudes and compliance with infection control guidelines in Birmingham teaching hospitals. Journal of Hospital Infection, Vol. 54(1), 68-7.