Effect of Underground Blasting on Surface Slope Stability: A Numerical Approach

Mohammed Sazid^1,

¹Mining Engineering Department, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia

Cite this paper:
Mohammed Sazid. Effect of Underground Blasting on Surface Slope Stability: A Numerical Approach. American Journal of Mining and Metallurgy. 2017; 4(1):32-36. doi: 10.12691/ajmm-4-1-2

Abstract

Stability of surface slope is a big challenge when underground excavation carried out just below the slope by the conventional drilling and blasting method. Blasting generates huge intensity of dynamic loading in the surrounding rock mass. If the intensity of dynamic loading is high, then it may be one of the reason for the triggering of instability in the surface structures. So, in the present paper, underground coal blast model has been developed using finite element method to understand the ill effects of underground blasting on the surface slope stability. Slope instability results have been represented by Peak Particle Velocity (PPV) of blast waves at varying time frames. Results have been computed on predefined specific target points which are crucial in terms of stability of surface slope. It has found that lowest bench has greater impact of blast loading and it can be dangerous from the stability point of view, whereas lower particle velocity monitored at the top most bench, compared to the other target points. It is all due to the attenuation of blast vibration energy with respect to the time and distance. From this study, it can be said that numerical modelling tool can be used to understand the phenomenon of dynamic blast vibration loading and its effects on the surface slope stability.

Keywords:
underground blasting surface slope stability peak particle velocity

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

References:

[1]	Adhikari G.A., Rajan B., Venkatesh H.S. Thresraj A.I. (1994). Blast damage assessment for underground structure. Proc Nat symp on emerging mining and ground control technologies. Varanasi, India. 247-55.
[2]	Chang-jing X, Song Z, Tian L, Liu H, Wang L, Wu X (2007). Numerical analysis of effect of water on explosive wave propagation in tunnels and surrounding rock. J Univ China Min Tech 17(3): 368-371.
[3]	Deb D, Jha AK (2010) Estimation of blast induced peak particle velocity at underground mine structures originating from neighbouring surface mine. Min Technol 119(1): 14-21.
[4]	Deb D, Kaushik K.N.R., Choi B.H., Ryu C.H., Jung Y.B., Sunwoo C. (2011). Stability Assessment of a Pit Slope Under Blast Loading: A Case Study of Pasir Coal Mine. Geotech Geol Eng. 29: 419-429.
[5]	Hakan Ak, Melih I, Mahmut Y, Adnan K (2009). Evaluation of ground vibration effect of blasting operations in a magnesite mine. Soil Dyn Earthquake Eng 29(4): 669-676.
[6]	He H., Liu Z., Nakamura K., Abe T., Wakabayashi K., Okada K., Nakayama Y., Yoshida M., Fujiwara S. (2002). Determination of JWL equation of state parameters by hydro-dynamically analytical method and cylinder expansion test. J. Japan Explosives Soc. 63(4): 197-203.
[7]	Itoh S., Hamashima H., Murata K., Kato Y. (2002). Determination of JWL parameters from underwater explosion tests. In: 12th Int. Detonation Sym. San Diego, California. 1-6.
[8]	Jia Z, Chen G, Huang S (1998). Computer simulation of open pit bench blasting in jointed rock mass. Int J Rock Mech Min Sci 35(45): 476-483.
[9]	Khandelwal, M., Armaghani, D.J., Faradonbeh, R.S. et al. (2017). Classification and regression tree technique in estimating peak particle velocity caused by blasting. Engineering with Computers (2017) 33: 45.
[10]	Lee E., Finger M., Collins W. (1973). JWL Equation of state coefficients for high explosives. Technical report UCID-16189, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA.
[11]	Menikoff R. (2015). JWL Equation of State. LosAlamos National Laboratory, LA-UR-15-29536.
[12]	Monjezi, M., Hasanipanah, Khandelwal M. (2013). Evaluation and prediction of blast-induced ground vibration at Shur River Dam, Iran, by artificial neural network. Neural Comput & Applic. 22: 1637.
[13]	Preece D.S., Thorne B.J. (1996). A study of timing and fragmentation using 3-D finite element technique & damage constitute model. Proc of 5th Int symp on rock frag on blasting. Montreal, Canada. 25-29 August.
[14]	Qu S, Zheng X, Fan L, Wang Y (2008). Numerical simulation of parallel hole cut blasting with uncharged holes. J Uni Sci Technol Beijing 15(3):209-215.
[15]	Saharan M.R., Mitri H.S. (2009). Numerical simulation for rock fracturing by distress blasting- As applied to hard rock mining condition. VDM Verlag Dr. Muller, Germany. p. 243.
[16]	Sanchidria´n JA, Segarra P, Lo´pez LM (2007). Energy components in rock blasting. Int J Rock Mech Min Sci 44(1): 130-147.
[17]	Sazid M, Wasnik A.B., Singh P.K, Kainthola A., Singh T.N. 2012. A Numerical Simulation of Influence of Rock Class on Blast Performance, International Journal of Earth Sciences and Engineering, 5 (5), 1189-1195.
[18]	Sazid M., Saharan M.R. and Singh T.N. (2011). Effective Explosive Energy Utilization for Engineering Blasting- Initial Results of an Inventive Stemming plug, SPARSH. Harmonising Rock Engineering and the Environment, 12th ISRM Congress, 1265-1268.
[19]	Sazid M., Singh T.N. (2013). Two dimensional Dynamic Finite Element Simulation of Rock Blasting. Arab J Geosci. Vol 6(10), 3703-3708.
[20]	Sazid M., Singh T.N. (2015). Numerical assessment of spacing–burden ratio to effective utilization of explosive energy. Int J Min Sci & Tech. 25 (2), 291-297.
[21]	Singh T.N. Sazid M. and Saharan M.R. (2011). A study to simulate air deck crater blast formation-A numerical approach. ISRM Regional Symposium-7th Asian Rock Mechanics Symposium pp. 495-505.
[22]	Wang ZL, Konietzky H, Shen RF (2009). Coupled finite element and discrete element method for underground blast in faulted rock masses. Soil Dyn Earthquake Eng 29(6):939-945.
[23]	Wang ZL, Li YC, Shen RF (2007). Numerical simulation of tensile damage and blast crater in brittle rock due to underground explosion. Int J Rock Mech Min Sci 44(5):730-738.
[24]	Wu YK, Hao H, Zhou YX, Chong K (1998). Propagation characteristics of blast-induced shock waves in a jointed rock mass. Soil Dyn Earthquake Eng 17(6):407-412.
[25]	XinPing Li, JunHong H, Yi Luo, Qian D, YouHua Li, Yong Wan, and TingTing Liu (2017). Numerical Simulation of Blast Vibration and Crack Forming Effect of Rock-Anchored Beam Excavation in Deep Underground Caverns. Shock and Vibration 17: 13.
[26]	Zhi-liang W, Yongchi L, Wang JG (2008). A method for evaluating dynamic tensile damage of rock. Eng Fract Mech 75(10): 2812-2825.