Growth Parameter and Yield Attributes of Rice (Oryza Sativa) as Influenced by Different Combination of Nitrogen Sources

Sangita Karki^1, , Nabin Sharma Poudel², Gopal Bhusal³, Suresh Simkhada², Bhishma Raj Regmi², Bhuwan Adhikari³ and Sanjok Poudel¹

¹Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Tuskegee University, Alabama, USA

²Agriculture and Forestry University, Chitwan, Nepal

³Tribhuvan University, Kathmandu, Nepal

Cite this paper:
Sangita Karki, Nabin Sharma Poudel, Gopal Bhusal, Suresh Simkhada, Bhishma Raj Regmi, Bhuwan Adhikari and Sanjok Poudel. Growth Parameter and Yield Attributes of Rice (Oryza Sativa) as Influenced by Different Combination of Nitrogen Sources. World Journal of Agricultural Research. 2018; 6(2):58-64. doi: 10.12691/wjar-6-2-4

Abstract

The study was carried out in agronomy farm of Paklihawa Campus, IAAS, Rupandehi, Nepal. The objective of the study was to determine the response of rice as influenced by different combination of organic and inorganic nitrogen sources. The study consists of three nitrogen sources i.e. urea, farmyard manure and blue green algae at various levels comprising seven treatments in randomized complete block design with three replications. Rice seedling were raised in wet nursery bed and transplanted in experimental plots. Growth parameters, yield attributing traits and grain yield of rice were recorded. Result indicates that treatment combination of 75% of recommended dose of nitrogen (90 kg ha^-1), farmyard manure (5 tons ha^-1) and blue green algae (9 kg ha^-1) contributes to higher plant height (96.13 cm), effective tiller per square meter (345.6), filled grain per panicle (180.9), grain yield (4.787 tons ha^-1), and straw yield (9.07 ton ha^-1) (p < 0.05). Also, there was a positive correlation between the grain yield and effective tillers per square meter (R²=0.254), grain yield and number of filled grains per panicle (R²=0.315). Hence, 75% of recommended dose of nitrogen (90 kg ha^-1), farmyard manure (5 tons ha^-1) and blue green algae (9 kg ha^-1) were found to improve plant characteristics thus improving rice yield.

Keywords:
blue green algae Farmyard manure Urea

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

References:

[1]	Begum, Z. N., Mandal, R., & Islam, S. (2009). Effect of blue-green algae and urea-N on growth and yield performance of traditional variety of rice. Journal of Phytological Research, 22: 211-214.
[2]	Fageria, N. K., & Baligar, V. C. (1997). Response of common bean, upland rice, corn, wheat, and soybean to soil fertility of an Oxisol. Journal of Plant Nutrition, 20(10), 1279-1289.
[3]	Fleming, H., & Haselkorn, R. (1973). Differentiation in Nostoc muscorum: nitrogenase is synthesized in heterocysts. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 70(10), 2727-2731.
[4]	Gately, T.F. and Kelly, D. (1987). Sources of nitrogen for spring barley. Soils and Grassland Production Research Report, pp 27-8. Dublin. A Foras Taluntais.
[5]	Gomez, K.A. & Gomez, A. A (1984). Statistical procedures for agricultural research (2 ed.). John wiley and sons, NewYork, 680p.
[6]	Howarth, R. W. (2008). Coastal nitrogen pollution: a review of sources and trends globally and regionally. Harmful Algae, 8(1), 14-20.
[7]	Imade, S. R., Thanki, J. D., & Gudadhe, N. N. (2015). Integrated effect of organic manures and inorganic fertilizers on productivity, NPK uptake and profitability of transplanted rice. Research on Crops, 16(3), 401-405.
[8]	International Rice Research Institute (2013). The massive benefits of global rice research. Retrieved in June 9, 2016 from http://irri.org/news/media-releases/the-massive-benefits-of-global-rice-research.
[9]	Jat, A. L., Srivastava, V. K., & Singh, R. K. (2015). Effect of crop-establishment methods and integrated nitrogen management on productivity of hybrid rice (Oryza sativa)–wheat (Triticum aestivum) cropping system. Indian Journal of Agronomy, 60(3), 341-346.
[10]	Kaini, B.R. (2004). Increasing crop production in Nepal. In: D.P. Sherchan, K. Adhikari, B.K. Bista and D. Sharma (eds) Proceedings of the 24th National Summer Crops Research Workshop in Maize Research and Production in Nepal held in June 28-30, 2004 at NARC, Khumaltar, Lalitpur, Nepal.pp.15-19.
[11]	MOAC (2013). Statistical information on Nepalese Agriculture, Kathmandu: Ministry of Agriculture and Cooperatives/Agribusiness Promotion and Statistics Division.
[12]	Muthayya, S., Sugimoto, J. D., Montgomery, S., & Maberly, G. F. (2014). An overview of global rice production, supply, trade, and consumption. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 1324(1), 7-14.
[13]	Pandey, N., Upadhyay, S. K., Joshi, B. S., & Tripathi, R. S. (2001). Integrated use of organic manures and inorganic to fertilizers for the cultivation of low land rice in vertisol. Indian Journal of Agricultural Research, 35(2), 112-114.
[14]	Paudel, M.N. (1995). Nutrient management for Sulphan buri- 90 rice variety in acid sulfate soil with green leaf manure. M.Sc. Thesis, Asian Institute of Technology, Bankok, Thailand. Pp 23-51.
[15]	Radwan, F. I., El Seoud, I. A., & Badr, E. A. (2008). Response of Two Rice Cultivars to Blue Green Algae, A-Mycorrhizae Inoculation and Mineral Nitrogen Fertilizer. Middle Eastern and Russian Journal of Plant Science and Biotechnology, 2(1), 29-34.
[16]	Sahrawat, K. L. (2000). Macro-and micronutrients removed by upland and lowland rice cultivars in West Africa. Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis, 31(5-6), 717-723.
[17]	Saleque, M. A., Naher, U. A., Islam, A., Pathan, A. B. M. B. U., Hossain, A. T. M. S., & Meisner, C. A. (2004). Inorganic and organic phosphorus fertilizer effects on the phosphorus fractionation in wetland rice soils. Soil Science Society of America Journal, 68(5), 1635-1644.
[18]	Sapkota, A., Poudel, S., Subedi, U., Shrivastav, R., Gairhe, J. J., Khanal, S., & Pande, K. R. (2015). Effect of Mulching and Different Doses of Phosphorous in Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L.) Yield and Residual Soil Chemical Properties at Bhairahawa, Nepal. World, 3(5), 163-173.
[19]	Shivaji, S., Singh, S. P., Neupane, M. P., & Meena, R. K. (2014). Effect of NPK levels, BGA and FYM on growth and yield of rice (Oryza sativa L.). Environment and Ecology, 32(1A), 301-303.
[20]	Singh, D. A. S. H. R. A. T. H., & Kumar, A. N. I. L. (2014). Effect of sources of nitrogen on growth yield and uptake of nutrients in rice. Annals of Plant and Soil Research, 16(4), 359-361.
[21]	Song T., Martensson L., Eriksson T., Zheng W., Rasmussen U. (2005): Biodiversity and seasonal variation of the cyanobacterial assemblage in a rice paddy field in Fujian, China. The Federation of European Materials Societies Microbiology Ecology, 54: 131-140.
[22]	Sujathamma, P., & Reddy, D. S. (2004). Growth yield and nitrogen uptake of low land rice as influenced by integrated nitrogen management. Indian Journal of Agricultural Research, 38(4), 268-272.
[23]	Taddesse, E. (2009). Rice (Oryza sativa L.) cultivars: Morphology and Classification part II. Experimental Station Bulletin 66. Addis Ababa University, College of Agriculture, Dire Dawa (Ethiopia). 73p.
[24]	Tisdale, S.L. & Nelson, W.L. (1984). Soil Fertility and Fertilizers, Third Ed. Pp: 68-73. McMillan Publ. Co., Inc., New York.