Societal Dynamics of Early Marriages in Pushtoon Society; Evidences from Field Survey of District Mardan Khyber Pakhtunkhwa-Pakistan

Muhammad Israr^1, , Muhammad Kashif¹, Humayun Khan², Nafees Ahmad³, Muhammad Aamir⁴ and Munawar Jan²

¹Department of Rural Development, Amir Muhammad Khan Campus Mardan, The University of Agriculture, Peshawar-Pakistan

²Department of Economics, Women University Mardan-Pakistan

³Department of Economics, University of Malakand, Chakdara, Dir Lower-Pakistan

⁴Department of Agriculture Mechanization, Amir Muhammad Khan Campus Mardan, The University of Agriculture, Peshawar-Pakistan

Cite this paper:
Muhammad Israr, Muhammad Kashif, Humayun Khan, Nafees Ahmad, Muhammad Aamir and Munawar Jan. Societal Dynamics of Early Marriages in Pushtoon Society; Evidences from Field Survey of District Mardan Khyber Pakhtunkhwa-Pakistan. Journal of Sociology and Anthropology. 2020; 4(1):1-7. doi: 10.12691/jsa-4-1-1

Abstract

Early marriage is not new as it has been in practice from early life and still continued. To contribute to the existed literature on the aforementioned debate this study aims to identify the current prevalence of early marriages and its effects in Union Council Daftaru of district Mardan. Primary data were collected from randomly selected 80 male and female respondents by questionnaire through face to face method and analyzed by using frequency distribution and percentages in SPSS. Findings revealed that majority of the respondents were male, married and having different level of education and employment status, living in extended and joint family. Majority of the respondents know early marriages and having the perceptions that it causes mortality, suffer human life, leads to over population, stop future development, destroy individual freedom, leads to early tension and adversely effect on health of both couple. The effect of early marriages were the incidence of different disease arising from early pregnancy, females may tend to suicide, divorce, relation problems, sexual mal-adjustment, destroys individual freedom, human rights violation, causes poverty, negative effects on the offspring, childhood death especially in delivery, school dropout, women powerlessness, gender-based violence, autonomy and decision-making ability problems, domestic violence, crimes, engage in early economic activities, custom and form of slavery. The causes of early marriages were the rural cultural, become burden on family, broken family, marriage couple lost job opportunities, economic burden on family, increase young girl’s risks of HIV and AIDS, flourish hidden crisis and the couple have no mutual understanding.

Keywords:
aspects of early marriages couple’s early marriages societal dynamics

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

References:

[1]	Ahmed, S., Khan, A., Khan, S. Naushad. S., 2014. Early marriage; A root of current physiological and psychosocial health burdens. Inter j. endorsing health Sic. res. 2(1): 50-51.
[2]	Nour, N. M. 2006. Health consequences of child. Emerging infectious diseases, Pathfinder international journal 12:1644.
[3]	Ababa, A., 2016. Report on causes and consequences of early marriage in Amhara region.
[4]	Sullivan, K., and Davila, J. 2010. Support processes in intimate relationships. New York: Oxford University Press.
[5]	Milazzo, A. (2014). Why are adult women missing? Son preference and maternal survival in India. The World Bank.
[6]	Dworsky, A., & Courtney, M. E. (2010). The risk of teenage pregnancy among transitioning foster youth: Implications for extending state care beyond age 18. Children and Youth Services Review, 32(10), 1351-1356.
[7]	Malhotra, A. 2010. The causes, consequences and solutions to forced child marriage in developing world. International center for research on women.
[8]	Nasrallah, M. 2015. Child marriage and its impact on maternal and child health in Pakistan. Department of public health medicine school of public health & who collaborating center for child and adolescent health promotion Bielefeld university, Bielefeld, Germany.
[9]	Daraz, U. Naz, A. Khan, W. 2014. Early marriage: a developmental challenge to women in pakhtun society. Fwu. J. Social. Science. 8(1): 92.
[10]	Roth, H. L. (2012). The Natives of Sarawak and British North Borneo (Vol. 2). BoD–Books on Demand.
[11]	Gillian Mann. 2005. Qualitative study of child marriage in six districts of Zambia.
[12]	Nguyen, M. C. Wodon, Q. 2014. Impact of child marriage on literacy and education attainment in Africa. Background paper for fixing the broken promise of education for all.