Group B Streptococcal Carriage Rate in Vagina of Pregnant Women in Third Trimester in Lomé, Togo

Salou Mounerou^{1, 2,} , Dagnra Anoumou Y.^{1, 2}, Adama – Hondégla Amah Biova³, Ekouevi Koumavi², Dossim Sika², Kao Kpatcha², Yehadji Degninou², Nyasenu Y.Tufa^{1, 2}, Akpadza Koffi³ and Prince-David Mireille^{1, 2}

¹Service de Microbiologie, CHU Sylvanus Olympio BP 57 Lomé

²Laboratoire de Biologie moléculaire et d’Immunologie (BIOLIM/FSS) Université de lomé BP1515 Lomé

³Service de gynécologie-obstétrique, CHU Sylvanus Olympio BP 57 Lomé

Cite this paper:
Salou Mounerou, Dagnra Anoumou Y., Adama – Hondégla Amah Biova, Ekouevi Koumavi, Dossim Sika, Kao Kpatcha, Yehadji Degninou, Nyasenu Y.Tufa, Akpadza Koffi and Prince-David Mireille. Group B Streptococcal Carriage Rate in Vagina of Pregnant Women in Third Trimester in Lomé, Togo. World Journal of Preventive Medicine. 2015; 3(1):7-10. doi: 10.12691/jpm-3-1-2

Abstract

Background: Transmission of Group B Streptococci (GBS) to newborns occurs in the perinatal period through direct channels in utero. GBS is one of the main bacteria responsible for neonatal infections. Objective: measure the prevalence of GBS genital carriage among pregnant women in the third trimester at the Sylvanus Olympio University Teaching Hospital. Materials and Methods: Vaginal swabs were obtained from 200 women between 34 and 38 weeks of pregnancy. The samples were seeded on sheep blood agar at 37^o C for 16 to 18h. After incubation, suspected GBS colonies were identified by using a Latex Agglutination Test (LAT). Susceptibility test to antibiotics was performed by agar diffusion assay. Results: A total of 200 pregnant women with an average age of 28 years, were screened for GBS infection. The age group of 25-29 year olds was the highest (33.5%). The women as retailers were the majority (36.5%). Regarding the level of education, the percentage was 12.5%, 30.5%, 49% and 8% corresponding to uneducated, primary, secondary and university level respectively. The carriage rate was 2.5% (n = 5/200), 95% CI (0.3-4.7). No risk factors associated with the carriage rate identified. The isolated GBS strains were susceptible to penicillin G, erythromycin, co-amoxiclav and levofloxacin. The five GBS carriers were delivered by cesarean section for various reasons. Conclusion: Although a low carriage (2.5%) rate of GBS found in this study, a policy of systematic screening of pregnant women at least in the third trimester must be promoted.

Keywords:
pregnancy screening group B streptococcus women Latex Agglutination Test

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