Journal of Finance and Economics
ISSN (Print): 2328-7284 ISSN (Online): 2328-7276 Website: https://www.sciepub.com/journal/jfe Editor-in-chief: Suman Banerjee
Open Access
Journal Browser
Go
Journal of Finance and Economics. 2014, 2(2), 50-57
DOI: 10.12691/jfe-2-2-2
Open AccessArticle

How Does an Industry Thrive More From Exporting? A Theoretical Analysis of the Learning-by-Exporting Effect with Innovation and Asymmetric Demand

Ruohan Wu1,

1College of Business Administration, Alabama State University, Montgomery, AL, US

Pub. Date: March 06, 2014

Cite this paper:
Ruohan Wu. How Does an Industry Thrive More From Exporting? A Theoretical Analysis of the Learning-by-Exporting Effect with Innovation and Asymmetric Demand. Journal of Finance and Economics. 2014; 2(2):50-57. doi: 10.12691/jfe-2-2-2

Abstract

This paper introduces asymmetric demand into an open-economy model. Domestic industries exhibit different export capabilities, and the export market attaches different preferences to them. My model shows how exports influence the market structure and productivity growth. If an industry exports more, the firms within the industry would face a higher domestic-market but lower export-market entry threshold. The industry can exhibit a significant learning-by-exporting effect; that is, its exports can significantly increase productivity growth, only when its innovation expenditure is sufficiently high.

Keywords:
asymmetric demand exports productivity growth learning-by-exporting innovation

Creative CommonsThis work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

References:

[1]  Alvarez, R., and López, R., “Exporting and Performance: Evidence from Chilean Plants”, Canadian Journal of Economics/Revue canadienne d'économique, 38(4): 1384-1400. 2005.
 
[2]  Amiti, M. and Konings,J., “Trade Liberalization, Intermediate Inputs, and Productivity: Evidence from Indonesia.” The American Economic Review, 97(5): 1612-1638. 2007.
 
[3]  Aw, B. Y., Roberts, M., and Xu,D. Y., “R&D Investments, Exporting, and the Evolution of Firm Productivity”, The American Economic Review, 98(2): 451-456. 2008.
 
[4]  Baldwin, R. and Robert-Nicoud,F., “Trade and Growth with Heterogeneous Firms”,Journal of International Economics, 74(1): 21-34. 2008.
 
[5]  Ben-David, D., “Equalizing Exchange: Trade Liberalization and Income Convergence”, The Quarterly Journal of Economics, 108(3), 653-679. 1993.
 
[6]  Bernard, A. and Jensen,B., “Exporting and Productivity in the USA”, Oxford Review of Economic Policy 20(3): 343-357. 2004.
 
[7]  Bernard, A., Eaton, J., Jensen, B., and Kortum,S., “Plants and Productivity in International Trade”, TheAmerican Economic Review, 1268-1290. 2003.
 
[8]  Blalock G. and Gertler,P., “Learning from Exporting Revisited in a Less Developed Setting”,Journal of Development Economics 75(2): 397-416. 2004.
 
[9]  Burstein, A. and Vogel,J., “Globalization, Technology, and the Skill Premium”, Columbia University working paper. 2009.
 
[10]  Bustos, P., “Trade Liberalization, Exports, and Technology Upgrading: Evidence on the Impact of MERCOSUR on Argentinian Firms”, The American Economic Review, 101(1): 304-340. 2011.
 
[11]  Clerides, S., Lach,S., and Tybout,J., “Is Learning by Exporting Important? Micro-dynamic Evidence from Columbia, Mexico and Morocco”, TheQuarterly Journal of Economics, 113(3): 903-947. 1998.
 
[12]  Costantini, J., andMelitz, M., “The Dynamics of Firm-Level Adjustment to Trade Liberalization”, The Organization of Firms in a Global Economy, 107-141. 2007.
 
[13]  [13] Feenstra, R., “NBER Trade Database, Disk1: U.S. Imports, 1972-1994: Data and Concordances”, NBER Working Paper no. 5515. 1996.
 
[14]  Girma, S., Greenaway,D., and Kneller,R., “Export Market Exit and Performance Dynamics: A Causality Analysis of Matched Firms”, Economic Letters, 80(2): 181-187. 2003.
 
[15]  Girma, S., Greenaway,D., and Kneller,R., “Does Exporting Increase Productivity? A Microeconometric Analysis of Matched Firms”, Review of International Economics, 12(5): 855-866. 2004.
 
[16]  Greenaway, D., Gullstrand, J., and Kneller, R., “Exporting may not always boost firm productivity”, Review of World Economics, 141(4): 561-582. 2005.
 
[17]  Helpman, E., and Krugman., P., “Market Structure and Foreign Trade: Increasing Returns, Imperfect Competition and the International Economy”. The MIT press, Cambridge, 1985.
 
[18]  Krugman, P.,“Scale Economics, Product Differentiation and the Pattern of Trade”, TheAmerican Economics Review, 70(5): 950-959. 1980.
 
[19]  Lileeva, A., andTrefler,D., “Improved Access to Foreign Markets Raises Plant-Level Productivity… for Some Plants”, The Quarterly Journal of Economics,125(3): 1051-1099. 2010.
 
[20]  Marin, D.,“Is the Export-Led Growth Hypothesis Valid for Industrialized Countries?”The Review of Economics and Statistics, 678-688. 1992.
 
[21]  Melitz, M.,“The Impact of Trade on Intra-Industry Reallocations and Aggregate Industry Productivity”, Econometrica, 71(6): 1695-1725. 2003.
 
[22]  Verhoogen, E., “Trade, Quality Upgrading, and Wage Inequality in the Mexican Manufacturing Sector”, The Quarterly Journal of Economics, 123(2): 489-530. 2008.
 
[23]  Wu, R. “Reconsider Learning by Exporting Hypothesis from Innovation: An Empirical Study of US Industries”, Journal of Business and Economics, 4(9): 804-816. 2013.
 
[24]  Wu, R. “Empirically Revisiting the Learning-by-Exporting Theory Using Data on Chilean Manufacturing Plants”, Journal of Business Inquiry, forthcoming. 2013.