Imposex Incidence, Morphological and Histological Description of Gonad in Canarium urceus urceus Linnaeus, 1758 (Mollusca: Gastropoda) in Caraga Region, Philippines

Fabio C. Ruaza Jr.^1,

¹College of Arts and Sciences, Surigao del Sur State University-Lianga Campus

Cite this paper:
Fabio C. Ruaza Jr.. Imposex Incidence, Morphological and Histological Description of Gonad in Canarium urceus urceus Linnaeus, 1758 (Mollusca: Gastropoda) in Caraga Region, Philippines. Journal of Aquatic Science. 2019; 5(1):1-6. doi: 10.12691/jas-5-1-1

Abstract

The occurrence of imposex was detected in Canarium urceus urceus in Nasipit, Agusan del Norte, Caraga, Philippines. The imposex indices registered the Incidence of Imposex (IOI), Conversion of Potential Female Index (CPFI) and Relative Penis Length Index (RPLI) of 36%, 27%, and 30% respectively. The morphology of gonad of males was characterized by bright orange-red and whitish spot. A female gonad has a completely yellow in color. Imposex female’s gonads has yellow or a mix of yellow and pale orange. The result of the histological analysis revealed that the male gonads were in the active and ripe stages. Out of the samples subjected for histological analysis, 70% undergo the ripe maturity stage and the rest of the samples were active. The female gonads were 80% active and the rest of the samples were ripe. For the imposex gastropods, 100% of the histological samples have the presence of ovarian spermatogenesis. It is recommended to conduct an analysis of Tributyltin (TBT) in the tissue of the gastropods and even on sediments.

Keywords:
Canarium urceus urceus imposex histology gonad Caraga Region

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

References:

[1]	Cob Z. Bujang J., Ghaffar M. & Arshed A. 2005. Diversity and population structure characteristics of Strombus (Mesogastropod, Strombidae) in Johor Straits. InAR Sahibin, ed. Natural resource utilization and environmental preservation: issues and challenge. Proceeding of the 2nd Regional Symposium on Natural Environment and Natural Resources, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia 2: 198-205.
[2]	Erlambang T, & Siregar Y. 1995. Ecological aspects and marketing of dog conch Strombus canarium Linne, 1758 at Bintan Island, Sumatra, Indonesia. Spec. Pub. Phuket Mar. Biol. Cent. 15: 129-131.
[3]	Stroben E., Oehlmann J., & Fioroni P. 1992. The morphological expression of imposex in Hinia reticulata (Gastropoda: Buccinidae): A potential indicator of tributyltin pollution. Mar Biol 113: 625-636.
[4]	Ruaza, F., Boyles L., & Fernandez. E. 2013. Imposex incidence of Thais tuberosa and Cronia margariticola in Agusan del Norte. SDSSU Multidisciplinary Research Journal (CHED-JAS B) Vol. 1 No. 2.
[5]	Astilla, M., Suan L., & Liao L. 2005. Imposex in Cronia margariticola (Mollusca, Prosobranchia) as a Potential Marine Pollution Biomonitor around Mactan Island, Central Philippines, San Carlos University Phil. Scientist 42: 79: 93.
[6]	Ruaza, F., Herrera, M. & Seronay R. 2015. Morphological polymorphism of Canarium urceus urceus (Linnaues), 1758 (Mollusca: Gastropoda) in marine areas of Caraga Region, Philippines SDSSU Multidisciplinary Research Journal (CHED- JAS A) Vol. 3.
[7]	Bryan GW & Gibbs PE. 1991. Impact of low concentrations of tributyltin (TBT) on marine organisms: a review. In: Metal toxicology:concepts and applications, Ann Arbor, Boston, pp 323-362.
[8]	Mensik, B.P., Ten Hallers-Tjabbles, C.C., Kralt, J., Freriks, I.L. & Boon, J.P. 1996. Assessment of imposex in the Common Whelk, Buccinum undatum from the Eastern Scheldt, the Netherlands. Marine Environmental Research, 41, (4), 315-325.
[9]	Nias, D. J., McKillup, S. C., & Edyvane K. S. 1993. Imposex in Lepsiella vinosa from Southern Australia. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 26, 380-384.
[10]	Gibbs, P. & Bryan G. 1996. TBT-Induced Imposex in Neogastropod Snails: masculinization to mass extinction.” In Tributyltin: case study of an environmental contaminant (pp. 212-236). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
[11]	Horiguchi, T., Shiraishi, M., Shimizu, & Morita M. 1994. Imposex and organotin compounds in Thais claigera and Thais. bronni in Japan. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, 74:651-669.
[12]	Berge, J.A & Walday M. 1999. Alternative to the use of TBT as an antifouling agent on the hull of ships with special reference to methods not involving leaching of toxic compounds to the water. Norwegian Institute for Water Research, pp. 1-34.
[13]	Huet, M., Fiorini, P., & Stroben, E. 1995. Comparison of imposex response in three prosobanch species. Hydrobiologia, 309, 29-35.
[14]	Mann R., Harding J. & Westcott E. (2006). Occurrence of imposex and seasonal patterns of gametogenesis in the invading veined rapa whelk Rapana venosa from Chesapeake Bay, USA. Marine ecology progress series. Vol. 310: 129-138.
[15]	Vasconcelos, P., Moura P., Barroso C. & Gaspar M. 2012. Reproductive cycle of Bolinus brandaris (Gastropoda: Muricidae) in the Ria Formosa lagoon (southern Portugal). Aquat Biol, Vol. 16: 69-83.
[16]	Gooding,M., Gallardo,C., & Lebalanc,G. 1999. Imposex in three marine Gastropod species in Chile and potential impact on Muriciculture. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 38(12), 1227-1231.
[17]	Tewari A., Raghumathan, C., Joshi, H., & Khambhaty, Y. 2002. Imposex of rock whelks Thais and Ocene bra species (Mollusca, Neogastropoda, Muricidae) from Gujarat Coast. Indian Journal of Marine Science. 31, (4), 321-328.
[18]	Shim, W., Oh J., Kahng S., Shim, J. & Lee, S. 1999. Horizontal distribution from Tributyltins in the surface sediments from an Enclosed Bay System, Korea. Environmental Pollution, 106, 351-357.
[19]	Radwan N., Mohammad S., Mohamed S. & Yaseen A. (2009). Reproduction and gonad development of gastropod Thais carinifera in Lake Timsah, Suez Canal, Egypt. Egypt J. Aquat. Biol. & Fish., Vol. 13, No. 2: 53-6.
[20]	Ramón M & Amor MJ. 2002. Reproductive cycle of Bolinus brandaris and penis and genital duct size variations in a population affected by imposex. J Mar Biol Assoc UK 82: 435-442.
[21]	Afsar N., Siddiqaui G., & Ayub Z. 2012. Imposex in Babylonia spirata from Pakistan. Indian Journal of Geo Marine Sciences. 41(5).
[22]	Hagger J.,Depledge M.,Oehlmann J, Jobling S.,& Galloway T. 2005. Is There a Causal Association between Genotoxicity and the Imposex Effect?. Environ Health Perspect 114(suppl1): 20-26.
[23]	Pandey E., S. & Evans, M. 1996. The Incidence of imposex in gastropods from Indonesian Coastal Waters. Asian Mar Biol, 13, 53-61.
[24]	Bryan GW & Gibbs PE (1993) Impact of low concentrations of tributyltin (TBT) on marine organisms: a review. In: Metal toxicology:concepts and applications, Ann Arbor, Boston, pp 323-362.
[25]	De Castro, B., Augusto. C., de Meirelles, O. Pinheiro, J.L., Cascon, H. M. & Barreira, C.R. 2005. The increasing incidence of imposex in Stramonita haemastoma (Mollusca: Gastropoda: Muricidae) Ceará State, Northeast Brazil. Thalassas, 21 (2), 71-75.