Bacteriological and Physicochemical Assessment of Treated Petroleum Effluent Obtained from Some Petrochemical Industries in Warri, Nigeria Using Activated Rice Husk

JEWO. A.O¹, OYUBU. L.O^2, , Anomohanran E. E² and Animam Blessing¹

¹Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Delta State University, Abraka, Nigeria

²Department of Science Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Science, Delta State University, Abraka, Nigeria

Cite this paper:
JEWO. A.O, OYUBU. L.O, Anomohanran E. E and Animam Blessing. Bacteriological and Physicochemical Assessment of Treated Petroleum Effluent Obtained from Some Petrochemical Industries in Warri, Nigeria Using Activated Rice Husk. American Journal of Environmental Protection. 2023; 11(1):15-24. doi: 10.12691/env-11-1-3

Abstract

This study assessed the efficacy of activated rice husk in the reduction of pollutants from petroleum effluent. The effluent sample was collected from an effluent discharge from a petroleum processing company, and transported to the laboratory for analyses. The most effective treatment was observed with sample T3, with the highest dosage of activated rice husk. BOD and COD of sample T3 reduced from 53.17 mg/l and 112.48 mg/l to 8.83 mg/l and 19.14 mg/l, while total hydrocarbon and Oil and Grease reduced from 142.931mg/l and 148.426 mg/l to 9.063 mg/l and 10.425 mg/l. Microbial load after treatment include T1 (10g treatment) Staphylococcus aureus (2.5x10⁶), Bacillus subtilis (2.9x10⁶), Clostridium botulinum (2.4x10⁵), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (3.5x10⁴), Proteus vulgaris (4.5x10⁵), Escherichia coli, (2.4x106) and Klebsiella pneumonia (3.2x10⁴). T2 (50g treatment) after treatment microbial load include Staphylococcus aureus (2.2x10⁶), Bacillus subtilis (2.1x10⁴), Clostridium botulinum (1.4x10⁵), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (1.5x10⁴), Proteus vulgaris (2.5x10⁵), Escherichia coli, (2.3x10⁶) and Klebsiella pneumonia (1.6x10⁶). T3 (100g treatment) after treatment microbial load include Staphylococcus aureus (2.0x10⁴), Bacillus subtilis (1.8x10⁶), Clostridium botulinum (1.2x10⁵), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (1.4x10⁶), Proteus vulgaris (1.3x10⁴), Escherichia coli, (1.5x10⁴) and Klebsiella pneumonia (1.5x10⁵). T1 microbial load ranged from 2.5x10⁶ - 4.5x10⁵, with Proteus vulgaris having the highest, while Staphylococcus aureus having the lowest. For T2 (50g treatment) after treatment microbial load ranged from 1.4x10⁵ - 2.5x10⁵ with Clustridium butilinum having the highest microbial count, while Proteus vulgaris had the lowest count and, for T3 after treatment microbial load ranged from 1.2x10⁵ - 2.0x10⁴, with Staphylococcus aureus having the highest while Clustridium butilinum having the highest microbial count. The reduction in the microbial population and physicochemical properties after treatment revealed that rice husk is effective in the treatment of petroleum effluent before being discharged into the water bodies.

Keywords:
petrochemical effluents potential bioabsorbent rice husks microbial growth effluent discharge

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