Influence of Solar Radiation on Questionable Gasolines Sold in N’Djamena: ASTM D86 Distillation Analysis and Standardized Tests Related to Atmospheric Pollution and Corrosion

Haroun Ali Adannou^{1, 2,} , Mahamat Ateib Ibrahim³, Saka Goni⁴, Abdelhamid Issa Hassane¹, Nayaou Kadidja KAMANE¹, Abdel-Hamid Mahamat Ali¹ and Simon NGOSS III²

¹Department of Chemical Engineering, Higher National Institute of Petroleum of Mao, Mao, Chad

²National Higher School of Engineering of Maroua, University of Maroua, Maroua, Cameroon

³Department of Plant Biology and Physiology: Sector: Biology of Plant Organisms (BOV) Option: environmental sciences (BPV) Faculty of Sciences University of Yaoundé I. Cameroon

⁴Department of Industrial Engineering and Maintenance, Polytechnic University of Mongo, Mongo, Chad

Cite this paper:
Haroun Ali Adannou, Mahamat Ateib Ibrahim, Saka Goni, Abdelhamid Issa Hassane, Nayaou Kadidja KAMANE, Abdel-Hamid Mahamat Ali and Simon NGOSS III. Influence of Solar Radiation on Questionable Gasolines Sold in N’Djamena: ASTM D86 Distillation Analysis and Standardized Tests Related to Atmospheric Pollution and Corrosion. American Journal of Environmental Protection. 2021; 9(1):1-12. doi: 10.12691/env-9-1-1

Abstract

In this work we experimented with an analysis of fraudulent gasoline distillation sold in N’Djaména. The first experiment carried out on the storage of gasolines in polymer cans showed that the nature of gasoline changed in color and density. The cans were also denatured depending on the type of gasoline and the weather. Laboratory analysis of the distillation for commercial specification gave different results compared to refinery gasoline. Several tests according to NF and ASTM standards have been carried out and the results show that gasoline sold illegally is a great danger to the population and to sellers. To do this, we characterized the duration of insolation in N’Djaména in order to be able to analyze the influence of solar radiation as a function of its heat on the essences stored and sold illegally in the city. The analysis results give us a figure of 3030.91 ± 176.33 hours of sunshine per year corresponding to 8.9 hours per day. An observation of the pyranometer and simulations of the Streamer radiative transfer code made it possible to characterize the seasonal variability of the global solar energy potential at the N’Djamena station at 4.71 kWh / m2 / d. The maxima are recorded in spring with values above 5.70 kWh / m2 / day, and the minima in winter with values below 4 kWh / m2 / day. We then measured the air quality with a Purple Air sensor and the results confirmed the presence of particles that could affect human health. Our research obeys two objectives: on the one hand, knowledge of the negative impact and danger of hydrocarbons stored and traded illegally, and on the other hand, the development of regulations in force to stop this danger.

Keywords:
pyranometer streamer radiative transfer code purple air sensor polymer gasoline refinery

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