Inhibition of C38 Steel Corrosion by Anethum graveolens Essential Oil in Acidic Medium: Gravimetric and Theoretical Studies

Malick Bathily^{1, 2,} , Khaly Cissé¹, Baba Ngom³, Mohamed Znini² and Diadioly Gassama¹

¹Department of Physics and Chemistry, UFR Sciences and Technologies, Iba Der Thiam University of Thiès, Thiès, Senegal

²Laboratory of Natural Substances & Synthesis and Molecular Modeling, Faculty of Sciences and Techniques, Moulay Ismail University of Meknes, BP 509 Boutalamine, Errachidia 52003, Morocco

³Laboratory of Water and Environmental Sciences and Technologies (LaSTEE), Polytechnic School of Thiès, Thiès, Senegal

Cite this paper:
Malick Bathily, Khaly Cissé, Baba Ngom, Mohamed Znini and Diadioly Gassama. Inhibition of C38 Steel Corrosion by Anethum graveolens Essential Oil in Acidic Medium: Gravimetric and Theoretical Studies. Chemical Engineering and Science. 2025; 10(1):8-17. doi: 10.12691/ces-10-1-2

Abstract

This work aims to highlight the value of an aromatic and medicinal plant from the Errachidia region, Anethum graveolens. This study evaluates the inhibitory effect of essential oil extracted from the seeds of this plant on the corrosion of C38 steel in 1M HCl medium. The essential oil was extracted from seeds using a Clevenger apparatus, achieving an average yield of 3.5% via hydrodistillation. Characterization by chromatography (GC/FID and GC/MS) identified 12 constituents representing 98% of the oil's global composition, with carvone (43.5%), dillapiol (26.7%), and limonene (15.4%) being the main components. Gravimetric tests revealed a remarkable inhibitory effect on steel corrosion, with increased concentration and temperature achieving an inhibition efficiency of 82.54% at 0.5 g/L and 338 K. Thermodynamic parameters determined show that the inhibitor's adsorption on the metallic surface follows the Langmuir model. The results indicate a mixed adsorption behavior of this essential oil. DFT calculations correlate the inhibitory activity with the electronic properties of the main constituents of the essential oil.

Keywords:
Essential oil Anethum graveolens 1M HCl Inhibitor Corrosion Gravimetric measurements Langmuir

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