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Biomedical Science and Engineering. 2015, 3(1), 4-8
DOI: 10.12691/bse-3-1-2
Open AccessReview Article

The Main Molecules Involved in Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells Immunomodulation

Felipe de Lara Janz1, , Helen Dutra Leite2 and Sergio Paulo Bydlowski1

1Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Hematology, University of Sao Paulo Medical School, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil

2Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Science, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil

Pub. Date: June 05, 2015
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Cite this paper:
Felipe de Lara Janz, Helen Dutra Leite and Sergio Paulo Bydlowski. The Main Molecules Involved in Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells Immunomodulation. Biomedical Science and Engineering. 2015; 3(1):4-8. doi: 10.12691/bse-3-1-2

Abstract

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are described as undifferentiated cells with high capacity for self-renewal and differentiation ability in different tissues. MSCs are found in various locations in the adult organism as bone marrow, adipose tissue; and in fetal tissues as umbilical cord, placenta and amniotic fluid. They are able to produce and secrete a number of bioactive molecules with different effects: anti-fibrotic, angiogenic and mitogen. These cells also present a great immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory potential described in experimental and human models. Several studies have demonstrated the ability of MSCs to suppress the proliferation and activation of T, B and NK cells in vitro and in vivo. Its low immunogenic action causes are not recognized by HLA mismatched receptor complex because they express low levels of MHC-I do not express MHC-II and costimulatory molecules CD40, CD80 and CD86. Because of these unique characteristics, MSCs arouse great interest in possible clinical applications in the therapy of diseases that affect the immune system. Although depending on the tissue microenvironment, the MSCs can also trigger inflammatory events. In this work, we described the main factors and another structures involved in MSCs immunoregulation.

Keywords:
mesenchymal stem cells immunomodulation soluble molecules

Creative CommonsThis work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

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