Association between Sleep Habits and Quality of Life in Children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder

Ahmed Hashem El-Monshed¹, Azza Mohamed Fathy² and Azhar A. Mohamed Shehata^{3, 4,}

¹Department of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing, Faculty of Nursing-Mansoura University, Egypt

²Department of Pediatric Nursing, Faculty of Nursing-Port Said University, Egypt

³Department of Community Health Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Zagazig University, Egypt

⁴Department of Nursing Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Wadi Eldawaser, KSA

Cite this paper:
Ahmed Hashem El-Monshed, Azza Mohamed Fathy and Azhar A. Mohamed Shehata. Association between Sleep Habits and Quality of Life in Children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder. American Journal of Nursing Research. 2020; 8(2):297-302. doi: 10.12691/ajnr-8-2-20

Abstract

Background: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is one of the most common chronic disorders which influence millions of children worldwide.It is a neurodevelopmental disorder that has a great impact on children in a critical period of development, the treatment of which extends over years. Aim: This study examined the association between sleep habits and quality of lifein children with ADHD. Methods: By using a descriptive cross-sectional study conducted on one hundred sixteen of children with ADHD attending the child psychiatric outpatient clinic of Mansoura University Hospitals. Three tools were usedfor data collection:A structured questionnaire of the socio demographic and clinical features, the Children’s Sleep Habits Questionnaire (CSHQ), and the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory (PedsQL^TM). Results: The total mean (±SD) of sleep habits was 64.77 ± 18.43. The studied children rated themselves significantly better than their parents in all domains of PedsQL^TM (P < 0.0001) and there were statistical significant associations between CSHQ score and PedsQL^TM score (P≤0.001). Conclusion and recommendation: Sleep disorders are significantly associated with poor physical and psychosocial quality of life. It is possible that such sleep interventions in children with ADHD can enhance their quality of life.

Keywords:
Sleep Habits quality of life(QoL) Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder(ADHD)

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

References:

[1]	Yang, H. N., Tai, Y. M., Yang, L. K., &Gau, S. S. F. (2013). Prediction of childhood ADHD symptoms to quality of life in young adults: Adult ADHD and anxiety/depression as mediators. Research in Developmental Disabilities, 34(10), 3168-3181. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ridd.2013.06.011.
[2]	American Psychiatric Association (2013). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental diseases, fifth edition: DSM-5TM (5th ed.). Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Publishing.
[3]	Sciberras, E., DePetro, A., Mensah, F., & Hiscock, H. (2015). Association between sleep and working memory in children with ADHD: A cross-sectional study. Sleep Medicine, 16(10), 1192-1197. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sleep.2015.06.006.
[4]	Sung, V., Hiscock, H., Sciberras, E., &Efron, D. (2008). Sleep Problems in Children with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder. Arch Pediatric Adolescence Medicine, 162 (4), 336-342. https://doi: 10.1001/archpedi.162.4.336.
[5]	Bundgaard, A. K. F., Asmussen, J., Pedersen, N. S., &Bilenberg, N. (2018). Disturbed sleep and activity in toddlers with early signs of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Journal of Sleep Research, 27(5), 1-9. https://doi.org/10.1111/jsr.12686.
[6]	Virring, A., Lambek, R., Thomsen, P. H., Møller, L. R., &Jennum, P. J. (2016). Disturbed sleep in attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is not a question of psychiatric comorbidity or ADHD presentation. Journal of Sleep Research, 25(3), 333-340. https://doi.org/10.1111/jsr.12377.
[7]	Martin, C. A., Hiscock, H., Rinehart, N., Heussler, H. S., Hyde, C., Fuller-Tyszkiewicz, M.,Sciberras, E. (2018). Associations between Sleep Hygiene and Sleep Problems in Adolescents with ADHD: A Cross-Sectional Study. Journal of Attention Disorders. https://doi.org/10.1177/1087054718762513.
[8]	Craig, S. G., Weiss, M. D., Hudec, K. L., & Gibbins, C. (2017). The Functional Impact of Sleep Disorders in Children with ADHD. Journal of Attention Disorders, 1-10. https://doi.org/10.1177/1087054716685840.
[9]	Abd El-Hay, M., Badawy, A., & El-Sawy, H. (2010). P01-196 - Sleep characteristics in Egyptian children with attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder. European Psychiatry, 25, 406. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0924-9338 (10)70402-8.
[10]	Ekinci, O., Isik, U., Gunes, S., &Ekinci, N. (2016). Understanding sleep problems in children with epilepsy: Associations with quality of life, Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder and maternal emotional symptoms. Seizure, 40, 108-113. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.seizure.2016.06.011.
[11]	Wajszilber, D., Santiseban, J. A., & Gruber, R. (2018). Sleep disorders in patients with ADHD: Impact and management challenges. Nature and Science of Sleep, 10, 453-480. Dove Medical Press Ltd. https://doi.org/10.2147/NSS.S163074.
[12]	Al-Habib, D. M., Alhaidar, F. A., Alzayed, I. M., & Youssef, R. M. (2019). Consistency of child self-reports with parent proxy reports on the quality of life of children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in Riyadh, 2016. Journal of Family and Community Medicine, 26(1), 9-16. https://doi.org/10.4103/jfcm.JFCM_19_18.
[13]	Lee, Y. chen, Yang, H. J., Chen, V. C. hung, Lee, W. T., Teng, M. J., Lin, C. H., & Gossop, M. (2016). Meta-analysis of quality of life in children and adolescents with ADHD: By both parent proxy-report and child self-report using PedsQLTM. Research in Developmental Disabilities, 51-52, 160-172. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ridd.2015.11.009.
[14]	Danckaerts, M., Sonuga-Barke, E. J. S., Banaschewski, T., Buitelaar, J., Döpfner, M., Hollis, C., Coghill, D. (2010, February). The quality of life of children with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder: A systematic review. European Child and Adolescent Psychiatry 19, 83-105. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00787-009-0046-3.
[15]	Owens, J. A., Spirito, A., &McGuinn, M. (2000). The Children’s Sleep Habits Questionnaire (CSHQ): Psychometric Properties of a Survey Instrument for School-Aged Children. Sleep, 23(8), 1-9. https://doi.org/10.1093/sleep/23.8.1d.
[16]	Abou-Khadra, M. K. (2009). Sleep patterns and sleep problems among Egyptian school children living in urban, suburban, and rural areas. Sleep and Biological Rhythms, 7(2), 84-92. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1479-8425.2009.00392.x.
[17]	Abdul-Rasoul, M., AlOtaibi, F., AlMahdi, M., & AlKandari, H. (2012). Reliability and validity of the Arabic version of the PedsQL & lt; sup> TM & lt; /sup> 4.0 generic ore scales and PedsQL & lt; sup>TM & lt; /sup> 3.0 diabetes module. Journal of Diabetes Mellitus, 02(03), 301-307. https://doi.org/10.4236/jdm.2012.23047.
[18]	Varni, J. W., Seid, M., & Kurtin, P. S. (2001). PedsQLTM 4.0: Reliability and Validity of the Pediatric Quality of Life InventoryTM Version 4.0 Generic Core Scales in Healthy and Patient Populations. Medical Care, 39(8), 800-812. https://doi.org/10.1097/00005650-200108000-00006.
[19]	Becker, S. P., & Lienesch, J. A. (2018). Nighttime media use in adolescents with ADHD: links to sleep problems and internalizing symptoms. Sleep Medicine, 51, 171-178. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sleep.2018.06.021.
[20]	Tsai, M. H., Hsu, J. F., & Huang, Y. S. (2016, August 1). Sleep Problems in Children with Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: Current Status of Knowledge and Appropriate Management. Current Psychiatry Reports, 18(8):76. Current Medicine Group LLC 1. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11920-016-0711-4.
[21]	Palacio-Ortiz, J. D., Gomez-Cano, S., & Aguirre-Acevedo, D. C. (2018). Sleep problems and profiles in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder assessed by the Children Sleep Habits Questionnaire-Abbreviated in Colombia. Salud Mental, 41(6), 261-269. https://doi.org/10.17711/SM.0185-3325.2018.038.
[22]	Abou-Khadra, M. K., Amin, O. R., Shaker, O. G., &Rabah, T. M. (2013). Parent-reported sleep problems, symptom ratings, and serum ferritin levels in children with attention-deficit/ hyperactivity disorder: A case control study. BMC Pediatrics, 13(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2431-13-217.
[23]	Vaidyanathan, S., Shah, H., &Gayal, T. (2016). Sleep disturbances in children with attention - Deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD): Comparative study with healthy siblings. Journal of the Canadian Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 25(3), 145-151.
[24]	Marques, J. C. B., Oliveira, J. A., Goulardins, J. B., Nascimento, R. O., Lima, A. M. V., & Casella, E. B. (2013). Comparison of child self-reports and parent proxy-reports on quality of life of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Health and Quality of Life Outcomes, 11(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/1477-7525-11-186.
[25]	Velö, S., Keresztény, Á,Miklósi, M., Dallos, G., Szentiványi, D., Gádoros, J., &Balázs, J. (2014). [Quality of life of newly diagnosed, treatment naive children and adolescents with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder]. PsychiatriaHungarica : A Magyar Pszichiátriai Társaság Tudományos Folyóirata, 29(4), 410-417.
[26]	Yürümez, E., &Kılıç, B. G. (2016). Relationship between Sleep Problems and Quality of Life in Children with ADHD. Journal of Attention Disorders, 20(1), 34-40. https://doi.org/10.1177/1087054713479666.
[27]	Hansen, B. H., Skirbekk, B., Oerbeck, B., Wentzel-Larsen, T., &Kristensen, H. (2014). Associations between Sleep Problems and Attentional and Behavioral Functioning in Children with Anxiety Disorders and ADHD. Behavioral Sleep Medicine, 12(1), 53-68. https://doi.org/10.1080/15402002.2013.764525.
[28]	Langberg, J. M., Dvorsky, M. R., Marshall, S., & Evans, S. W. (2013). Clinical implications of daytime sleepiness for the academic performance of middle school-aged adolescents with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Journal of Sleep Research, 22(5), 542-548. https://doi.org/10.1111/jsr.12049.