Magnitude and Associated Factors of Diabetic Ketoacidosis Among Type-I Diabetes Patients Who Visited Menelik-Ii Referral Hospital in Addis Ababa, 2022

Rediet Habtu Lebelo^1, , Bezawit Mekonnen Chekol^1, , Feven Negasi Abriha², Tewodros Kassahun Tarekegn^1, , Rediet Abebe Mekonnen¹, Meron Tadesse Weldekirkos¹, Solomon Endale Dagnachew³, Birukti Gebreyohannes Habtezgi³, Adey Gizachew Alemayehu³, Aragaw Birhane Kassaw⁴, Tereza Mulatu Tafesse³, Bethel Tesfaye Bizuneh⁵, Yeabsera Abebe Gebrehiwot⁶, Erdachew Gallo Beyene⁴, Michael Million Minase⁵, Elul Simeneh Abiy⁷, Sofani Haile Nigusse¹ and Meseret Tizazu Demisse¹

¹Department of Public Health, Kea Med Medical College, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

²Department of Medicine Jimma University Oromia Region, Ethiopia

³Department of Medicine, Hayat Medical College, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

⁴Department of Surgery Yekatite 12 Hospital Medical College, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

⁵Department of Medicine, Haramaya University College of Health and Medical science, Hararghe, Ethiopia

⁶Department of Medicine, St. Paul ‘s Hospital Millennium Medical College, Addis Ababa

⁷Department of Midwifery:Gonder univercity College of Medicine and Health Sciences

Cite this paper:
Rediet Habtu Lebelo, Bezawit Mekonnen Chekol, Feven Negasi Abriha, Tewodros Kassahun Tarekegn, Rediet Abebe Mekonnen, Meron Tadesse Weldekirkos, Solomon Endale Dagnachew, Birukti Gebreyohannes Habtezgi, Adey Gizachew Alemayehu, Aragaw Birhane Kassaw, Tereza Mulatu Tafesse, Bethel Tesfaye Bizuneh, Yeabsera Abebe Gebrehiwot, Erdachew Gallo Beyene, Michael Million Minase, Elul Simeneh Abiy, Sofani Haile Nigusse and Meseret Tizazu Demisse. Magnitude and Associated Factors of Diabetic Ketoacidosis Among Type-I Diabetes Patients Who Visited Menelik-Ii Referral Hospital in Addis Ababa, 2022. American Journal of Medical Sciences and Medicine. 2023; 11(3):80-88. doi: 10.12691/ajmsm-11-3-3

Abstract

Background: Diabetic Ketoacidosis is the most common complication type 1 Diabetes Mellitus ‘patients in Ethiopia and throughout the world. Its mortality rate ranges from 2 to 5 percent in developed countries and 6 to 24 percent in developing countries. If it misdiagnosed or mistreated, it is 100% fatal. In some studies, it has been reported that DKA can be present in 25% to 30% of type 1 diabetes cases at onset and from 4 to 29% in youth with type-2 diabetes. Objective: To assess the Magnitude and Associated factors of Diabetic Ketoacidosis among type I diabetes patients who vested ted Menelik-II referral hospital in Addis Ababa, 2022.Methods and Mmaterials: A retrospective research was done at the institution. Medical records served as data. Data was entered into Epi info version 7 from the check list and exported to SPSS version 21 for analysis. Descriptive statistical approaches were used to analyze the data. Simple frequency, percentage, graphs, and tables were used to display the findings. The record of the study subjects was selected using a systemic random selection technique from total type I DM cases visited at MRH from 6/2020-6/2022) until the calculated sample size ix 'attainable. The data collector was a trained health professional who works at the hospital. RESULT: There were 220 study participants ranging in age from 12 to 90 years. The majority of the participants were men. The prevalence of DKA was 52.5%, and 44.5% of the 220 study participants had a history of type I diabetes. 58.3% of patients with a family history of DKA developed it. In total, 36.4% of the 220 participants had chronic diseases. DKA was diagnosed in 25.2% of individuals with chronic diseases. CONCLUSION: DKA was found in 52.5% of type I diabetes individuals in this study. According to the study, diabetic ketoacidosis is more common among men.

Keywords:
MAGNITUDE ASSOCIATED FACTORS DIABETIC KETOACIDOSIS

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