From Identification to Application: Assessing Southern Benin Bamboo for Sustainable Structural Use

Dara Sanny Kébir^{1, 2,} , Hounkpè Sèna Peace^{1, 2}, Taïpabé Djoui^{1, 3}, Doko Kouandété Valéry¹ and Gibigaye Mohamed¹

¹University of Abomey-Calavi (UAC) : Laboratoire d’Energétique et de Mécanique Appliquées (LEMA), 01 BP 2009 Cotonou, Benin

²Laboratoire d’Etudes et d’Essais en Génie-Civil (L2EGC)/ENSTP/UNSTIM, Bénin

³Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Travaux Publics, Laboratoire des Bâtiments et des Travaux Publics, BP 60 N'Djamena, Chad

Cite this paper:
Dara Sanny Kébir, Hounkpè Sèna Peace, Taïpabé Djoui, Doko Kouandété Valéry and Gibigaye Mohamed. From Identification to Application: Assessing Southern Benin Bamboo for Sustainable Structural Use. American Journal of Materials Science and Engineering. 2025; 13(1):9-14. doi: 10.12691/ajmse-13-1-2

Abstract

This study aims to valorize bamboo from southern Benin as a sustainable construction material by conducting a rigorous identification of local species and an in-depth characterization of their physical and mechanical properties. Three main species were identified: Bambusa vulgaris, Dendrocalamus asper, and Oxytenanthera abyssinica, with Bambusa vulgaris predominant in most sampled locations. Analyses revealed that the bulk density of samples ranges from 600 to 800 kg/m³ and moisture content from 15 to 20%. Mechanically, Bambusa vulgaris exhibits high flexural strength (500–800 MPa) and good compressive strength (54–82 MPa), making it a prime candidate for structural applications. Statistical analysis indicates natural variability in properties, but this remains compatible with construction use, provided rigorous quality control is applied. Utilizing local bamboo could reduce reliance on imported materials, boost rural economies, and lower the carbon footprint of the building sector. The study recommends developing local technical standards, continued research on durability, and integrating bamboo into innovative building systems to promote its adoption in construction in Benin and sub-Saharan Africa. This research shows that bamboo found in southern Benin, especially Bambusa vulgaris, is strong and durable enough to be used as a building material. By studying its properties, the study found that this bamboo can be a good alternative to traditional materials like concrete or steel, helping to reduce costs and environmental impact. Using local bamboo can also support rural jobs and make construction more sustainable in Benin and similar regions.

Keywords:
Bamboo Sustainable construction Mechanical properties Southern Benin Valorization

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