Molecular Characterization of Bacterial Isolates and Physicochemical Assessment of Well Water Samples from Hostels at Osekita, Iworoko-Ekiti, Ekiti State

Odeyemi A. T.^1, , Ayantola K. J.² and Peter S.¹

¹Microbiology Department, Ekiti State University, Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria

²Science Laboratory Technology Department, Ekiti State University, Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria

Cite this paper:
Odeyemi A. T., Ayantola K. J. and Peter S.. Molecular Characterization of Bacterial Isolates and Physicochemical Assessment of Well Water Samples from Hostels at Osekita, Iworoko-Ekiti, Ekiti State. American Journal of Microbiological Research. 2018; 6(1):22-32. doi: 10.12691/ajmr-6-1-4

Abstract

Drinking water has been a major issue in many student hostels at Osekita in Ekiti State University, Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria and majority of the student’s populace do not have access to portable water. Only few students can afford and rely on treated water particularly for consumption therefore, underground water (well water) serve as the major source of both drinking water and domestic water used in their hostels by determining the total bacterial and coliform counts, antibiotic susceptibility of the isolated bacteria, plasmid analysis of the multiple-resistant bacteria isolates, gene sequencing of the plasmid possessed bacteria and physicochemical properties of the well water samples using standard techniques. Twelve well water samples were obtained from hostels at Osekita and analyzed. The total bacteria and coliform counts ranged from 1.0 x 10⁵ CFU/ml to 9.7 x 10⁵ and 1.2 x 10⁴ CFU/ml to 6.7 x 10⁵ CFU/ml respectively. Eight genera of bacteria were isolated from the water samples; Streptococcus spp., Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Micrococcus spp., Escherichia coli, Enterobacter spp., Klebsiella spp., Proteus spp. and Staphylococcus aureus. Streptococcus spp. showed the highest occurrence of 28.57% while Proteus spp. and Staphylococcus aureus showed the least occurrence of 3.57% among the isolated bacteria. About 68% of the isolated bacteria were resistance to at least four of the ten antibiotics used, some of which inhabited extra-chromosomal DNA (plasmid) with molecular weight of 3.0Kb. Gene sequencing clearly revealed the two organisms subjected to molecular characterization to be Escherichia coli strain s1428 and Enterobacter aerogenes strain 341. Gene sequencing revealed the resistant genes not only located on plasmids but also encoded on the organisms DNA. The physicochemical parameters were within the WHO recommended standard for portable water. Based on the microbiological standard, the water samples analyzed are not safe for consumption.

Keywords:
coliform antibiotic susceptibility drinking water plasmid gene sequencing

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