Assessment of the Microbiological Quality of Artisanally Produced Natural Fruit Juices Sold At the Dembe Market in N'djamena (Chad)

ALI Barka Mahamat^1, , AHAMAT Djabir Attye², Brahim Adoum Ahmat³, ABDOULAYE Brahim¹, ALI Senoussi Moukhtar⁴ and Soudy Imar DJIBRINE⁵

¹Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, National Institute of Science and Technology of Abéché, Abéché, Chad

²Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Douala, Douala, Cameroon

³Food Science and Nutrition Research Laboratory (LARSAN), Faculty of Human Health Sciences, University of N'Djamena, P.O. Box 1117, Chad

⁴General Directorate of Pharmacy and Laboratories, Ministry of Public Health, N’Djamena, Chad

⁵Food Quality Control Center (CECOQDA), N’Djamena, Chad

Cite this paper:
ALI Barka Mahamat, AHAMAT Djabir Attye, Brahim Adoum Ahmat, ABDOULAYE Brahim, ALI Senoussi Moukhtar and Soudy Imar DJIBRINE. Assessment of the Microbiological Quality of Artisanally Produced Natural Fruit Juices Sold At the Dembe Market in N'djamena (Chad). American Journal of Microbiological Research. 2026; 14(2):36-43. doi: 10.12691/ajmr-14-2-3

Abstract

This study evaluates the microbiological quality of natural juices sold at the Dembé Market in N’Djamena, Chad. It aims to assess their safety and potential microbiological risks to consumers. A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted from November 6, 2024, to January 6, 2025. Sixteen samples of natural juices were aseptically collected from various production and sales locations and then analyzed at the Food Quality Control Center (CECOQDA). The analyses focused on pH, total mesophilic aerobic flora, yeasts and molds, staphylococci, coliforms, Escherichia coli, Bacillus cereus, and Salmonella spp. The results indicate that the microbiological quality is generally inadequate. Thirteen out of sixteen samples (81.25%) exceeded the acceptable limit for total mesophilic aerobic flora, while nine (56.25%) showed excessive contamination by yeasts and molds. Staphylococcal contamination was the most significant problem, with 14 samples (87.5%) failing to meet standards. Coliforms also exceeded the limit in 13 samples (81.25%). Only samples 14 and 15 simultaneously met all the selected microbiological criteria. However, no exceedances of the thresholds were observed for E. coli, Bacillus cereus, and Salmonella. The pH values, ranging from 5.3 to 6.0, indicate relatively low to moderate acidity, which may promote the survival or growth of certain microorganisms. The results primarily suggest general hygiene deficiencies related to preparation, handling, equipment, water, and storage conditions. It is therefore necessary to strengthen good hygiene practices, water quality, equipment cleaning, and storage conditions.

Keywords:
Dembé Market Natural juices microbiological quality food hygiene N’Djamena

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