Modeling CO, CO₂ and NO_x Evolution from Small and Medium Size Electric Gensets

Oyelami Benjamin Oyediran^1, , Lugano Wilson² and David Linda³

¹National Mathematical Centre (NMC), PMB 118 Garki PO Abuja, Nigeria

²Tanzania Industrial Research and Development Organization (TIRDO), Dar-es-Salaam, Tanzania

³Energy and Water Utilities Regulatory Authority (EWURA), Dar es Salaam Tanzania

Cite this paper:
Oyelami Benjamin Oyediran, Lugano Wilson and David Linda. Modeling CO, CO₂ and NO_x Evolution from Small and Medium Size Electric Gensets. American Journal of Modeling and Optimization. 2018; 6(1):1-17. doi: 10.12691/ajmo-6-1-1

Abstract

The Carbon monoxide, Carbon dioxide and Nitrogen oxides emission data from 100 small and medium generator sets with capacity ranging from 10 to 20 kVA are obtained from portable combustion gas analyzer using KAN90PLUS model. The resolutions for measurement for the gasses are 1 ppm, 0.1ppm and 1ppm respectively. The emission of the gasses together with the temperature of the exhaust and generator set capacities are studied. The models used for the study are calibrated using some polynomial interpolation methods and the results obtained compare with the emission benchmark value of the environmental management (Air Quality Standard) of 2007. It is found that the sets emits excessive carbon monoxide far above the standard value 175mg/nm². The nitrogen oxide produces high temperature in the combustion system. Moreover, using asymptotic analysis, for large generator capacities, nitrogen oxides emission tends to be decreasing compared to the small and medium generators. The nitrogen oxides emission tends to converge to 20.189T, T is the temperature of the exhaust in Kelvin. Polynomial interpolation method used for prediction of CO, CO_2, and nitrogen oxides (NO_x) with respect to generator capacity and then simulation for the emission of the gasses at various scenarios carried. We Proposed emission and spread functions and simulate the functions to obtain the random emission and random spread of the gases into the environment from the available emission data for the gases. From our finding large quantity of CO, CO₂ & NO_X, are being emitted by the generators sets and this will have serious effect on the air quality in the remote environment where small and medium size generator sets are being used for generating electricity. The agricultural productive of the community will also be affected because of possible acid rain in that environment couple with allergic and respiratory diseases because of emission of the poisonous gases to the remote environment. As a policy, only generator sets with low emission should be allowed into the developing countries.

Keywords:
modeling emissions carbon monoxide carbon dioxide nitrogen oxides electric generators

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