Cutaneous Leukocytoclastic Vasculitis, Pleural Effusion and Splenic Abscess as Unusual Presentation of Typhoid Fever

Imed Ben Ghorbel^1, , Nabil BelFeki¹ and Mohamed Habib Houman¹

¹Department of Internal Medicine, La Rabta Hospital, Tunis, Tunisia

Cite this paper:
Imed Ben Ghorbel, Nabil BelFeki and Mohamed Habib Houman. Cutaneous Leukocytoclastic Vasculitis, Pleural Effusion and Splenic Abscess as Unusual Presentation of Typhoid Fever. American Journal of Medical Case Reports. 2015; 3(2):32-33. doi: 10.12691/ajmcr-3-2-3

Abstract

We report a case of typhoid fever with an unusual presentation: prolonged fever with cutaneous vasculitis, pleural effusion and splenic abscess. The diagnosis was made upon Widal serology, and after ruling out other causes of leukocytoclastic vasculitis. The outcome was favourable with antibiotics alone and without surgery.This is the second case of cutaneous leukocytoclastic vasculitis associated with typhoid fever in adults.

Keywords:
typhoid fever cutaneous vasculitis pleural effusion splenic abscess

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

References:

[1]	Huang DB, Du Pont HL. Problem pathogens: extra-intestinal complications of Salmonella enterica serotype Typhi infection. Lancet Infect Dis. 2005; 5: 341-8.
[2]	Uysal H, Karademir A, Kilinc M, Erturk O. Salmonella encephalopathy with seizure and frontal intermittent rhythmic delta activity. Infection. 2001; 29: 103-6.
[3]	Khan GQ, Kadri SM, Hassan G, Shahid IT, Gazanfar A, Kak M, et al. Salmonella typhi endocarditis: a case report. J Clin Pathol. 2003; 56: 801-2.
[4]	Caksen H, Oner AF, Arslan S, Köseoglu B, Harman M, Ataş B, et al. Splenic abscess, pleural effusion and severe anemia caused by Salmonella typhi. Kobe J Med Sci.2000; 46: 201-4.
[5]	Malik AS. Complications of bacteriologically confirmed typhoid fever in children. J Trop Pediatr. 2002; 48: 102-8.
[6]	Gosbell I, Jones PD, Matthews A, Yeo B. Surgical presentation of hepatobiliary disease due to Salmonella typhi. Aust N Z J Surg. 1995; 65: 898-9.
[7]	Mathai E, John TJ, Rani M, Mathai D, Chacko N, Nath V, et al. Significance of Salmonella typhibacteriuria. J Clin Microbiol. 1995; 33: 1791-2.
[8]	Rodriguez-Pla A, Stone J. Vasculitis and systemic infections. Curr Opin Rheumatol. 2006; 18: 39-47.
[9]	Al-Mayouf MS, Bahabri S, Majeed M. Cutaneous leukocytoclastic vasculitis associated with mycobacterial and salmonella infection. Clin Rheumatol. 2007; 26:1563-4.
[10]	Lambotte O, Debord T, Castagné C, Roué R. Unusual presentation of typhoid fever: cutaneous vasculitis, pancreatitis, and splenic abscess. J Infect. 2001; 42(2): 161-2.
[11]	Dutta TK, Beeresha, Ghotekar LH. Atypical manifestations of typhoid fever. J Postgrad Med. 2001; 47: 248-51.