Post-traumatic Intrathoracic and Subcutaneous Splenosis

Rasim Bakhtiyar Bayramov¹, Khayala Ismayil Ismayilzada^2, and Sayyara Dunyamali Huseynova³

¹Chief of Diagnostic Radiology Department, Educational-Surgical Clinic of Azerbaijan Medical University, Baku, Azerbaijan

²Diagnostic Radiology Department, Mediland Hospital, Baku, Azerbaijan

³Diagnostic Radiology Department, Avrasiya Hospital, Baku, Azerbaijan

Cite this paper:
Rasim Bakhtiyar Bayramov, Khayala Ismayil Ismayilzada and Sayyara Dunyamali Huseynova. Post-traumatic Intrathoracic and Subcutaneous Splenosis. American Journal of Medical Case Reports. 2024; 12(5):81-84. doi: 10.12691/ajmcr-12-5-4

Abstract

Splenosis is a benign condition that could found incidentally and usually asymptomatic. It is associated transplantation of splenic tissue to non-splenic organs after splenic rupture. This process could be triggered after trauma or surgery.The mechanism behind splenic cell autotransplantation begins with the splenic rupture, either from trauma or surgical removal. Seeding of splenic tissue could occur various locations. Subcutaneous splenosis is an extremely rare form of splenosis, mostly observed in abdominal surgical scars. In the presence of coexisting injury to the diaphragm intrathoracic transplantation can occur emerging as single or multiple pleural-based masses. In our case report we describe splenosis combined intrathoracic and subcutaneous involvement, as well as a comprehensive review of the literature. A 64-year-old man, with a past medical history of splenectomy two years ago came to clinic for repairing abdominal hernia. During abdominal CT scan we incidentally found subcutaneous and pleural seeding of splenic tissue.

Keywords:
Splenic trauma Splenosis Subcutaneous nodules Pleural splenosis Diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) Hematoxylin and Eosin (H&E) staining

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

Figures

References:

[1]	Buchbinder J, Lipkoff C. Splenosis: multiple peritoneal splenic implants following abdominal injury: a report of a case and review of the literature. Archives of Surgery 1939; 6: 927-934. View at: | .
[2]	C.Richard Fleming M.D. , E.Rolland Dickson M.D. ,Edgar G.Harrison Jr. M.D. “Splenosis : Autotransplantation of splenic tissue”, The American Journal of Medicine vol. 61, issue 3, pp. 414-419, 1976. View at: | .
[3]	R. D. Fremont and T. W. Rice, “Splenosis: a review,” Southern Medical Journal, vol. 100, no. 6, pp. 589–593, 2007. View at: | .
[4]	J. N. Yammine, A. Yatim, and A. Barbari, “Radionuclide imaging in thoracic splenosis and a review of the literature,” Clinical Nuclear Medicine, vol. 28, no. 2, pp. 121–123, 2003. View at: | .
[5]	K. Gopal, M. T. Jones, and S. M. Greaves, “An unusual cause of chest pain,” Chest, vol. 125, no. 4, pp. 1536–1538, 2004. View at: | .
[6]	Ferreira H, Maciel C, Morgado A, et al. Rectovaginal splenosis: an unexpected cause of dyspareunia approached by laparoscopy. J Minim Invasive Gynecol 2017; 24: 715–716. View at: | .
[7]	A. F. B. Shaw and A. Shafi, “Traumatic autoplastic transplantation of splenic tissue in man with observations on the late results of splenectomy in six cases,” The Journal of Pathology and Bacteriology, vol. 45, no. 1, pp. 215–235, 1937. View at: | .
[8]	Tsitouridis I, Michaelides M, Sotiriadis C, et al. CT and MRI of intraperitoneal splenosis. Diagn Interv Radiol 2010; 16: 145–149. View at: | .
[9]	K. Gopal, M. T. Jones, and S. M. Greaves, “An unusual cause of chest pain,” Chest, vol. 125, no. 4, pp. 1536–1538, 2004. View at: | .
[10]	Yasmeen K. Tandon, Christopher P. Coppa, and Andrei S. Purysko, “Splenosis: a great mimicker of neoplastic disease”, Abdominal Radiology, vol.43, pp. 3054-3059, 2018. View at: | .
[11]	C. H. Rickert, U. Maasjosthusmann, S. Probst-Cousin, C. August, and F. Gullotta, “A unique case of cerebral spleen,” The American Journal of Surgical Pathology, vol. 22, no. 7, pp. 894–896, 1998. View at: | .
[12]	Holstein A, Egberts EH, Stumpf O, et al. Intraperitoneal splenosis: a simple diagnosis if you remember to think of it. Clin J Gastroenterol 2009; 2: 417–419. View at: | .
[13]	K. Gopal, M. T. E. Papakonstantinou, V. Kalles, I. Papapanagiotou et al., “Subcutaneous splenosis of the abdominal wall: report of a case and review of the literature,” Case Reports in Surgery, vol. 2013, Article ID 454321, 5 pages, 2013. View at: | .
[14]	Remtulla M, Drury NE, Kaushal NA, et al. Thoracic splenosis masquerading as advanced lung cancer. Thorax 2017; 72: 189–190. View at: | .
[15]	K. R. Sirinek, C. D. Livingston, J. G. Bova, and B. A. Levine, “Bowel obstruction due to infarcted splenosis,” Southern Medical Journal, vol. 77, no. 6, pp. 764–767, 1984. View at: | .
[16]	J. F. Cordier, J. P. Gamondes, P. Marx, I. Heinen, and R. Loire, “Thoracic splenosis presenting with hemoptysis,” Chest, vol. 102, no. 2, pp. 626–627, 1992. View at: | .
[17]	Anrique D, Anton A, Krüger K, et al. Splenosis: an uncommon differential diagnosis in gynecology. J Minim Invasive Gynecol 2013; 20: 708–709. View at: | .
[18]	Ekong E, Goojha C, Kamencic H. Expect the unexpected: a case of pelvic splenosis. J Obstet Gynaecol Can 2011; 33: 787–787. View at: | .
[19]	Lorenzi L, Bertoletti E, Facchetti F. A case of subcutaneous “red pulp” splenosis. Int J Dermatol 2015; 54: e559–561. View at: | .
[20]	Yeh CJ, Chuang WY, Kuo TT. Unusual subcutaneous splenosis occurring in a gunshot wound scar: pathology and immunohistochemical identification. Pathol Int 2006; 56: 336–339. View at: | .
[21]	R. M. Basile, J. M. Morales, and R. Zupanec, “Splenosis: a cause of massive gastrointestinal hemorrhage,” Archives of Surgery, vol. 124, no. 9, pp. 1087–1089, 1989. View at: | .
[22]	A. Atia, A. Khiani, V. Kanneganti et al., “Thoracic splenosis: diagnosis of a case based on history and computerized tomography findings,” Clinical Pulmonary Medicine, vol. 15, no. 6, pp. 363–366, 2008. View at: | .
[23]	D. G. K. Varma, R. J. Campeau, Z. A. Kartchner, and S. Karnik, “Scintigraphic detection of splenosis causing ureteral compression and hydronephrosis,” American Journal of Roentgenology, vol. 156, no. 2, article 406, 1991.View at: .
[24]	G. Williams, M. P. Rosen, J. A. Parker, and G. M. Kolodny, “Splenic implants detected by SPECT images of Tc-99m labeled damaged red blood cells,” Clinical Nuclear Medicine, vol. 31, no. 8, pp. 467–469, 2006. View at: | .
[25]	H. Prosch, E. Oschatz, E. Pertusini, and G. Mostbeck, “Diagnosis of thoracic splenosis by ferumoxides-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging,” Journal of Thoracic Imaging, vol. 21, no. 3, pp. 235–237, 2006. View at: | .