Mitral Valve Aneurysm in Mitral Valve Endocarditis: A Case Report

Samuel J. Apple¹, Benjamin Ramalanjaona¹, Malicki Zorom² and Hamma Yacouba²

¹Division of Cardiovascular Diseases and Department of Internal Medicine, State University of New York, Downstate Medical Center, Health Sciences University, Brooklyn NY 11203, USA

²International Institute for Water and Environmental Engineering, 01 P.O. BOX poisson@594, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso

Cite this paper:
Samuel J. Apple, Benjamin Ramalanjaona, Malicki Zorom and Hamma Yacouba. Mitral Valve Aneurysm in Mitral Valve Endocarditis: A Case Report. American Journal of Medical Case Reports. 2020; 8(3):83-87. doi: 10.12691/ajmcr-8-3-5

Abstract

Mitral valve aneurysm (MVA) is an ominous complication of infective endocarditis (IE), with worse outcomes seen among patients with preexisting valvular disease or intravenous drug use. Valve aneurysms can perforate or lead to rupture of the chordae tendineae, with the consequent development of severe mitral regurgitation and acute pulmonary edema. We present a case of a 54-year-old woman with hypertension, obesity, diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidemia, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, peptic ulcer disease, obstructive sleep apnea, gastroesophageal reflux disease, intravenous drug abuse and bipolar disorder who developed MVA one month after being discharged for IE. Decline in the clinical status of patients with IE is a troubling sign that may indicate an IE complication such as MVA. Physicians should diligently monitor patients with IE for changes in signs and symptoms, as early recognition and surgical intervention are key to prevent further morbidity and mortality.

Keywords:
mitral valve aneurysm infective endocarditis infective endocarditis risk factors surgical indications in infective endocarditis post-pericardiotomy syndrome

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