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American Journal of Medical Case Reports. 2020, 8(2), 60-66
DOI: 10.12691/ajmcr-8-2-6
Open AccessArticle

Neurotoxicity Associated with Radiological Contrast Agents Used during Coronary Angiography: A Systematic Review

Pramod Theetha Kariyanna1, Lyudmila Aurora1, Amog Jayarangaiah2, Sushruth Das3, Jose Casillas Gonzalez1, Sudhanva Hegde1 and Isabel M. McFarlane1,

1Division of Cardiovascular Disease and Department of Internal Medicine, State University of New York, Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, New York, U.S.A.

2Trinity School of Medicine, 925 Woodstock Road, Roswell, GA 30075, U.S.A.

3Base PU College, Rajajinagar, Bangalore, India- 560010

Pub. Date: January 07, 2020
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Cite this paper:
Pramod Theetha Kariyanna, Lyudmila Aurora, Amog Jayarangaiah, Sushruth Das, Jose Casillas Gonzalez, Sudhanva Hegde and Isabel M. McFarlane. Neurotoxicity Associated with Radiological Contrast Agents Used during Coronary Angiography: A Systematic Review. American Journal of Medical Case Reports. 2020; 8(2):60-66. doi: 10.12691/ajmcr-8-2-6

Abstract

Contrast media enhances the visualization of the anatomic structures in radiological studies, allowing internal tissues such as blood vessels, kidney, ureters, adrenals and other organs to be identified. The evolution of contrast media highlights the efforts to develop less toxic chemical agents that possess low viscosity and osmolality. However, adverse effects such as idiosyncratic reactions, and organ specific damage are well characterized. Neurotoxicity, an important and dose related effect, appears to be due to disruption of the blood-brain-barrier by the high osmolarity of the contrast agent. From devastating cortical blindness to paralysis and seizures, an array of neurological manifestations has been described. In this systematic review, we describe the contrast-induced neurologic injury following coronary angiography and discuss the proposed mechanisms of injury leading to neurotoxicity.

Keywords:
neurotoxicity iodinated contrast media blood-brain barrier neurological injury coronary angiography cardiovascular risk factors types of contrast agents

Creative CommonsThis work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

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