Cell Membrane Integrity of Candida Albicans after Different Protocols of Microwave Irradiation

Nara Hellen Campanha¹, Janaina Habib Jorge^2, , Eunice Teresinha Giampaolo², Caio Sergio Botta Martins de Oliveira³, Lívia NordiDovigo², Danielle Cardoso G. Maia⁴ and Ana Cláudia Pavarina²

¹Department of Dentistry, State University of Ponta Grossa - UEPG, Paraná, Brazil

²Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, Araraquara Dental School, UNESP – Univ. Estadual Paulista, São Paulo, Brazil

³General Surgeon Dentist

⁴Program of Biosciences and Biotechnology applied to Pharmacy (Clinical Analyses), Pharmaceutical Sciences School of Araraquara, UNESP – Univ. EstadualPaulista, São Paulo, Brazil

Cite this paper:
Nara Hellen Campanha, Janaina Habib Jorge, Eunice Teresinha Giampaolo, Caio Sergio Botta Martins de Oliveira, Lívia NordiDovigo, Danielle Cardoso G. Maia and Ana Cláudia Pavarina. Cell Membrane Integrity of Candida Albicans after Different Protocols of Microwave Irradiation. American Journal of Infectious Diseases and Microbiology. 2013; 1(3):38-45. doi: 10.12691/ajidm-1-3-1

Abstract

Purpose: To evaluate the ability of low time microwaveexposureto inactivate and damage cell membrane integrity of C. albicans. Materials and Methods: Two 200ml C. albicans suspensions were obtained. Sterile dentures were placed in a beaker containing Experimental (ES) or Control suspensions (CS). ES was microwaved at 650 W for 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5 min. Suspensions were optically counted using Methylene blue dye as indicative of membrane-damaged cells; spread on Agar Sabouraud dextrose (ASD) for viability assay; or spectrophotometrically measured at 550nm. Cell-free solutions were submitted to content analyses of protein (Bradford and Pyrogallol red methods); Ca⁺⁺ (Cresolphthalein Complexone method); DNA (spectrophotometer measurements at 260nm) and K⁺ (selective electrode technique). Data were analyzed by Student-t test and linear regression (α=0.05). In addition, flowcytometry analysis of Candida cells in suspensionwas performed using propidium iodide. Results: All ES cells demonstrated cell membrane damage at 3, 4 and 5 min,viable cells were nonexistent at 3, 4 and 5 min ES ASD plates and optical density of ES and CS was not significantly differentfor all exposition times. ES cells released highcontents of protein, K⁺, Ca⁺⁺ and DNA after 2 min exposition when compared to that of the CSs. Similar results were observed with flow cytometry analysiswith regard to the periodsof microwave exposure. Conclusions: Microwave irradiation inactivated C. albicansafter 3min and damaged cell membrane integrity after 2 min exposition.

Keywords:
microwaves candida albicans denture stomatitis disinfection denture

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