Antibody Response to Plasmodium falciparum Novel Synthetic Peptides and Protection Against Malaria in a Malaria Endemic Area in Burkina Faso

Oumarou Ouédraogo^1, , Dinanibè Kambiré¹, Issiaka Soulama¹, Edith C. Bougouma², Blami Kote³, Luisa Nunziangeli⁴, Henri Gautier Ouédraogo¹, Yves Traoré⁵, Serge Diagbouga¹, Seni Kouanda¹, Valentina Mangano⁶, David Modiano⁶, Giampietro Corradin⁷, Sodiomon B. Sirima², Roberta Spaccapelo⁸ and Issa Nébié²

¹Département Biomédical et Santé Publique, Institut de Recherche en Sciences de la Santé, Ouagadougou 03 BP 7047, Burkina Faso

²Département Santé publique et Sciences Biomédicales, Groupe de Recherche Action en Santé, Ouagadougou 06 BP 10248, Burkina Faso

³Departement de Mathématiques et Informatique, Université de Ouahigouya, Ouahigouya 01 BP 346, Burkina Faso

⁴Polo d'Innovazione di Genomica, Genetica e Biologia, V. Mazzieri, 3, 05100 Terni, Italy

⁵Département de Biochimie-Microbiologie, Laboratoire de Biochimie et d’Immunologie Appliquées, Université Joseph KI-ZERBO, Ouagadougou 03 BP 7021, Burkina Faso

⁶Dipartimento di Sanità Pubblica e Malattie Infettive, Università “La Sapienza”, P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Roma, Italy

⁷Biochemistry Department, University of Lausanne, 1066 Epalinges, Switzerland

⁸Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale, Universita Degli Studi Di Perugia, 06132 Perugia, Italy

Cite this paper:
Oumarou Ouédraogo, Dinanibè Kambiré, Issiaka Soulama, Edith C. Bougouma, Blami Kote, Luisa Nunziangeli, Henri Gautier Ouédraogo, Yves Traoré, Serge Diagbouga, Seni Kouanda, Valentina Mangano, David Modiano, Giampietro Corradin, Sodiomon B. Sirima, Roberta Spaccapelo and Issa Nébié. Antibody Response to Plasmodium falciparum Novel Synthetic Peptides and Protection Against Malaria in a Malaria Endemic Area in Burkina Faso. American Journal of Infectious Diseases and Microbiology. 2024; 12(3):52-59. doi: 10.12691/ajidm-12-3-2

Abstract

Antibody immune response play key role in the naturally acquired immunity to malaria. However, due to the complex life cycle and Plasmodium antigen diversity, there still is a need to search for protective antigens. We have used multiplex protein microarrays of 92 novel Plasmodium. falciparum alpha-helical coiled coil protein motifs to screen plasma samples obtained from children and adults belonging to three sympatric ethnic groups from malaria endemic area in Burkina Faso. Samples collected during a cross- sectional survey allowed to draw the IgG antibody response profile related to concurrent parasitaemia and clinical status at baseline. Samples collected from children under 5 years old who received longitudinal follow-up allowed to identify protective malaria antigens. The study results showed that the concurrent parasitemia influenced the antibody response to Plasmodium falciparum. The number of recognized antigens and the IgG antibody intensity were higher in uninfected volunteers compared to the infected people. The number of recognized antigens and the IgG antibody level were higher in asymptomatic individuals at baseline compared to symptomatic volunteers. The study results have shown that the IgG antibody response to six antigens (LR150B, LR163, MR232, MR259C, MR261A and MR282) were associated to protection against clinical malaria in children under five years old.

Keywords:
malaria Plasmodium falciparum microarrays Burkina Faso

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