The Effect of Coronavirus – Disease 2019 on Total Immunoglobulins among Hospitalized Patients at Khartoum State, Sudan 2022

Mohammed Ramadan Omer Musa^1, , Musa Mohammed Ahmed Hammad^{2, 3}, Laila E. Taha⁴ and Salih Omer Ahmed Elameen²

¹Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Graduate, Alzaiem Alazhari University, Khartoum, Sudan

²Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Alzaiem Alazhari University, Khartoum, Sudan

³Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Hayatt University College, Khartoum, Sudan

⁴Department of Biochemistry, Central Laboratories, Alzaiem Alazhari University, Khartoum, Sudan

Cite this paper:
Mohammed Ramadan Omer Musa, Musa Mohammed Ahmed Hammad, Laila E. Taha and Salih Omer Ahmed Elameen. The Effect of Coronavirus – Disease 2019 on Total Immunoglobulins among Hospitalized Patients at Khartoum State, Sudan 2022. American Journal of Infectious Diseases and Microbiology. 2022; 10(4):126-130. doi: 10.12691/ajidm-10-4-2

Abstract

Background: the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid19) pandemic, caused by Sars-Cov-2, poses an unprecedented dare to clinicians and strain on the healthcare system due to its high rate of infectivity (R_o) and mortality. The purpose of this study is to detect the effect of Sars-Cov-2 on total immunoglobulin among hospitalized patients at Khartoum state. Methodology: this study is observational, case-control study design, conducted in quarantine center at Jabra hospital for emergency and injuries. PCR confirmed covid19 patients were identified, and non-covid19 individuals were recruited. About 3-4 ml of blood sample was withdrawn from each participant, the blood samples that obtained were centrifuged, and plasma that obtained was processed by using fully closed system, auto-chemistry analyzer CS-T180 (DIRUI), the principle of the test based on the turbidimetry. Results: A total of 52 participants were enrolled in this study. Total plasma IgA, IgG, and IgM were measured for each participant, P. value ≤ 0.05 considered to be statistically significant. The study revealed that the total plasma IgA was higher than normal range in 7 patients (21.9%), and was lower in 1 patient (3.1%). The mean of total IgA was higher in study group compared to control group (P. value < 0.05). The study also showed that the total IgG was higher in 1 patient (3.1%). Also the mean of total IgG was higher in study group compared to control group (P. value < 0.05). The study found that the total IgM was lower in 3 patients (9.4%). Interestingly the mean of total plasma IgM was higher in control group compared to study group (P. value < 0.05). Conclusion: we conclude that the SARS-Cov-2 infections leads to increase in the total amount of IgA and IgG while decreases the total amount of IgM. Therefore, covid19 has direct effect on total immunoglobulin.

Keywords:
Covid19 humoral immunity immunoglobulins IVIG Sars-Cov2 Sudan

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