Prevalence of Hypertension and Its Associated Factors among Adults in Selected Areas of Bangladesh: A Community Based Cross-sectional Study

Md. Nahian Rahman^1, , Syeda Saima Alam², Shaidaton Nisha¹, Fathima Nusrath Zaman³, Maherun Nesa⁴, Sharif Muhammad Faizul Alam⁵, Faroque Md Mohsin⁶, Mahmudul Mannan⁷, Md. Mahedi Hasan⁸, Md. Mahbubur Rahman¹, Smita Roy Tory¹, Sabrina Rahman⁹, Abu Zobayed¹⁰, Sumaiya Jahan Dina¹ and Khaleda Islam¹¹

¹MSc, Institute of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Dhaka, Bangladesh

²Lecturer, Department of Food Technology and Nutrition Science, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Bangladesh

³Assistant Professor, Department of Radiology and Imaging, Holy Family Red Crescent Medical College, Bangladesh

⁴Registrar, Sheikh Hasina National Institute of Burn and Plastic Surgery, Bangladesh

⁵Deputy Secretary, Health Services Division, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Bangladesh

⁶Medical Officer, Directorate General of Health Services, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Bangladesh

⁷Post Graduate Diploma, Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence and Impact, McMaster University, Canada

⁸BSc (Institute of Nutrition and Food Science, Dhaka University, Bangladesh), MPH (Northern University)

⁹BSc (Institute of Nutrition and Food Science, Dhaka University), MPH (North South University)

¹⁰0M.Pharm, Department of Clinical Pharmacy & Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Bangladesh

¹¹1Professor, Institute of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Dhaka, Bangladesh

Cite this paper:
Md. Nahian Rahman, Syeda Saima Alam, Shaidaton Nisha, Fathima Nusrath Zaman, Maherun Nesa, Sharif Muhammad Faizul Alam, Faroque Md Mohsin, Mahmudul Mannan, Md. Mahedi Hasan, Md. Mahbubur Rahman, Smita Roy Tory, Sabrina Rahman, Abu Zobayed, Sumaiya Jahan Dina and Khaleda Islam. Prevalence of Hypertension and Its Associated Factors among Adults in Selected Areas of Bangladesh: A Community Based Cross-sectional Study. American Journal of Hypertension Research. 2021; 8(1):1-7. doi: 10.12691/ajhr-8-1-1

Abstract

Background: Hypertension is a silent killer and an overwhelming global public health challenge. This study aimed to determine the prevalence and associated factors of hypertension among adults in Bangladesh. Methods: A community-based cross-sectional study design was conducted among 400 adults who lived in Dhaka, Mymensingh, Sylhet and Khulna District. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire that is adapted from the WHO Stepwise approach. Data was analyzed by SPSS version 25. Descriptive statistics and bivariate logistic regression analysis were conducted and statistical significance was declared at a p-value ≤0.05. Results: This study identified a high prevalence of hypertension in the study area and it was 39.75%. Among the male the prevalence was 23.5% and the prevalence was 16.5% among female. In this study hypertension was significantly associated with the age group 51-65 years (OR=1.02; CI 0.557-1.862) , ever smoking (OR= 2.59; CI 1.718-3.917) consume less fruits (OR=3.125; CI 0.839-11.632) and vegetable (OR=2.25; CI 1.364-3.725), physically inactive (OR=1.48; CI 0.973-2.252) overweight (OR=7.98; CI 4.612-13.793) and had diabetes mellitus (0R=2.38; CI 1.213-4.659). Conclusion: The prevalence of hypertension was considerably higher in this study area. Hence, the health care system needs to establish strategies to improve the diagnostic and screening services. Community-level intervention and regular assessment, screening, and diagnosis of behavioral, socio-demographic, and physiological risk factors, screening, should be institutionalized to address the occult burden of hypertension.

Keywords:
hypertension adults Bangladesh cross-sectional study prevalence associated factors

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