Experimental Characterization of Municipal Solid Waste for Energy Production in Niger Republic

OUMAROU Mohammed Ben^1,

¹Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Maiduguri, Borno State, Nigeria

Cite this paper:
OUMAROU Mohammed Ben. Experimental Characterization of Municipal Solid Waste for Energy Production in Niger Republic. American Journal of Energy Research. 2015; 3(2):32-36. doi: 10.12691/ajer-3-2-3

Abstract

Solid waste management and energy generation have been of major concern in Niger Republic. Municipal solid waste samples were collected during the months of February, March and April and during the rainy season in August for three years in Diffa, Dosso, Maradi, Niamey and Zinder in Niger Republic. The refuse physical characteristics were then evaluated by sifting through the waste and separated into wood, grass, metal, plastic, paper and sand. The refuse samples were analyzed by proximate and ultimate analyses using ASTM standards. Proximate and ultimate analyses results of refuse in the area of study showed refuse characteristics as moisture: volatile matter: fixed carbon: ash content, as 19.693: 26.877: 19.310 and 34.120 for Niamey and 17.539: 25.950: 19.111: 37.40 for Zinder. The standard deviation and the mean deviation of the lower calorific value were found to be 7.35% and 1.60 % respectively for the five cities in the study area. The lower calorific values of the refuse were low and found to fall below the limit for the production of steam in electricity generation, therefore would not to be able to sustain an industrial incineration process. There is need to provide a supplementary fuel in the form of bagasse, any herbaceous biomass at up to 50% of the total fuel to be loaded in the incinerator. It was found that population density and geographical locations are not real determining factors as whether refuse quality may change or not but rather the life style of the population and its awareness towards waste management techniques like recycling, re-use and composting.

Keywords:
municipal waste ultimate analysis proximate analysis calorific value energy from waste Niger Republic

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