From Congestion to Connectivity: Socio-Spatial Analysis of Pedestrian Walkability in Boro Bazar and Surrounding Market Places, Khulna

Laila Siddiqua^1, and Md. Esfaqur Rahman¹

¹Architecture Discipline, Khulna University, Khulna, Bangladesh

Cite this paper:
Laila Siddiqua and Md. Esfaqur Rahman. From Congestion to Connectivity: Socio-Spatial Analysis of Pedestrian Walkability in Boro Bazar and Surrounding Market Places, Khulna. American Journal of Civil Engineering and Architecture. 2025; 13(4):96-102. doi: 10.12691/ajcea-13-4-2

Abstract

As a vital socio-economic artery in Khulna’s urban fabric, Boro Bazar and adjacent connected surrounding marketplaces highlighting the intricate relationships between walkability, informality, and spatial justice amid the city's rapid urbanisation. This study applies a qualitative case study approach focused on four important dimensions: inclusiveness, comfort-safety, pedestrian infrastructure, and connectivity to examine the walkability of Boro Bazar and the adjacent interconnected marketplace, which is Khulna's oldest and busiest neighborhood. The market's dense spatial connectivity and constant activity are advantageous, but vendor encroachments, inadequate pedestrian infrastructure, poor lighting, and a lack of amenities for women, children, the elderly, and people with disabilities affect walkability, according to field observations, morphological mapping, and informal interviews. In order to turn the marketplaces into a more lively and equitable public space, the findings highlight the necessity of integrated design and planning techniques, such as designated vendor zones, improvements to the pedestrian infrastructure, and reconnection with the riverfront.

Keywords:
Walkability Informal urbanism public marketplaces Urban inclusivity Pedestrian infrastructure

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