Impact of Land Use Transformation on Urban Heat Island Phenomenon: A Case Study of Chennai Metropolitan Area, India

P. Shanmugapriya¹, Shaik Mahamad¹ and Manivel P^2,

¹Department of Geography, Presidency College, Chennai, India

²Department of Geography, University of Madras, Guindy Campus, Chennai, India

Cite this paper:
P. Shanmugapriya, Shaik Mahamad and Manivel P. Impact of Land Use Transformation on Urban Heat Island Phenomenon: A Case Study of Chennai Metropolitan Area, India. Applied Ecology and Environmental Sciences. 2022; 10(12):845-854. doi: 10.12691/aees-10-12-20

Abstract

This study investigates land use changes that influence the land surface temperature (LST) of the Land cover environment in the Chennai Metropolitan Area (CMA), India, over three decades (1991, 2001, 2011, and 2021). Landsat satellite imageries were used to classify this study area into six land use and land cover (LULC) types using the Support Vector Machine (SVM) classification technique. Similarly, LST was calculated using Thermal Infrared (TIR) bands through the conversion of radiation into temperature and estimated emissivity (e) through Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) calculation. The result shows 1991 to 2021, LST increased from 35.6°C to 47.2°C.To evaluate the relationship between LST and LULC over the study period, Zonal Statistics Analysis (ZSA) was used. The findings show a steady rise in LST across all types of land use and land cover, with a built-up area-specific trend being particularly notable. Calculate the linear correlations between the mean sensitive LULC spectral indices and the mean LST. The results show a strong positive relationship (R2 = 0.5694) between the mean LST and the mean Normalized Difference Built-Up Index (NDBI).These findings highlight the significant influence of land use changes, particularly Built-up land, on the increasing LST of the surrounding land cover.

Keywords:
Support Vector Machine (SVM) Thermal infrared (TIR) Zonal Statistics Analysis (ZSA) Normalized Difference Built-Up Index (NDBI)

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