An Overview on Bioremediation Strategies for Waste Water Treatment and Environmental Sustainability

Saif Ali¹, Bhavtosh Sharma^2, , Kanchan Deoli³, Deepika Saini⁴ and Mamta Bisht⁵

¹Sri Guru Ram Rai University (SGRRU), Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India

²Water Quality Analysis Laboratory, Uttarakhand Science Education & Research Centre (USERC), Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India

³Sustainability Cluster (HSE & Civil), University of Petrolium & Energy Studies (UPES), Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India

⁴Department of Zoology, Chaman Lal Mahavidyalaya, Haridwar, Uttarakhand, India

⁵Department of Chemistry, Uttaranchal University, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India

Cite this paper:
Saif Ali, Bhavtosh Sharma, Kanchan Deoli, Deepika Saini and Mamta Bisht. An Overview on Bioremediation Strategies for Waste Water Treatment and Environmental Sustainability. Applied Ecology and Environmental Sciences. 2023; 11(2):64-70. doi: 10.12691/aees-11-2-4

Abstract

Water resources are polluted by anthropogenic causes like domestic, agricultural waste and industrial activities. Chemical methods of treating waste water have shown great impact on lives of people as well as other microorganisms. When waste compounds are dumped into water bodies, biological reactions begin that consume oxygen as the organic matter which is broken down by the naturally occurring microorganisms. This review discusses the different methods of waste water treatment using environmental sustainable technique called Bioremediation. A waste management technique called bioremediation uses living organisms to neutralize or eliminate dangerous chemicals from contaminated environments. The environmental science of bioremediation accelerates normal biological processes in order to correct or clean up the contaminated soil and the groundwater also. Presence of heavy metals in water poses a significant ecological threat and one of the most difficult environmental concerns worldwide. An efficient and environmentally favorable approach of bioremediation for treating pollutants has been demonstrated in the paper. In-situ and ex-situ treatments are the two main categories of bioremediation in waste water. Due to its sustainability with the environment and potential cost- effectiveness, microorganism-based bioremediation has a lot of potential for future sustainable development. The mechanisms and types of bioremediation have been summarized and explained herein.

Keywords:
bioremediation wastewater treatment sustainability in-situ and ex-situ

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